Estratégias de controle de insetos-pragas nas culturas do tomateiro (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill) e pimentão (Capsicum annum L.)
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Data
2006-11-23
Autores
Macedo, Marcos Aurélio Anequini de [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O objetivo do presente trabalho foi estudar diferentes estratégias de controle de insetospragas nas culturas do tomateiro e do pimentão, procurando associar amostragens, níveis de controle, resistência de plantas a insetos, controle químico, produtos naturais, irradiação e controle cultural. Foram amostrados o número de B. tabaci, F. schultzei, M. persicae, a porcentagem de plantas com virose, a produção de frutos e a porcentagem do custo dos produtos aplicados em relação a produção. Os dados obtidos foram submetidos à análise de variância pelo teste de Fisher, e quando significativo às médias foram comparadas pelo teste de Tukey, a 5% de probabilidade. Pelos resultados obtidos conclui-se que: a) cultura do tomateiro: os cultivares menos infestados por T. absoluta foram AP 529 e AP 533 na fase de frutificação; a estratégia convencional foi a mais eficiente no controle dos insetos vetores, porcentagem de plantas com virose e da traça, e, promoveu maior produção de frutos; as estratégias MIP, doses de 75,100 e 125 Gy + MIP-nim a 0,5% e MIP-nim a 0,5% e MIP-nim a 0,5% com barreiras de plantas de milho, foram promissores no controle de insetos vetores e traças na fase vegetativa, quando em baixa pressão de populações da traça; o número de pulverizações quando é adotado o MIP é menor que no convencional, b) cultura do pimentão: os cultivares menos infestados por mosca branca, tripes, pulgões e vetores totais foram Priscila e AF 3159, porém não muitos produtivos; os cultivares mais infestados por insetos vetores foram Magali R e Laser, sendo os mais produtivos; a estratégia convencional foi mais eficiente no controle dos insetos vetores, promovendo maior produção de frutos e menor porcentagem de custo dos produtos aplicados; as estratégias óleo...
This work was conducted to evaluate insect-pest control strategies in tomato and green pepper. Sampling, action thresholds, genetic resistance, chemical control, natural insecticides, irradiation and cultural control were studied. The number of B. tabaci, F. schultzei and M. persicae were sampled, and the rate of virus-infected plants, pepper yield and the costs of the products in relation to the production were determined. Data were subjected to an ANOVA through Fisher s test, and means were compared by Tukey test at 5% of probability. Our results showed that: a) In tomato: the cultivars AP 529 and AP 533 were less infested by T. absoluta in the first and second experiments, respectively, during the fruiting stage; the conventional strategy was the most efficient in controlling insect vectors, virus infection and the leafminer, and allowed higher fruit yield. The strategies IPM, radiation of 75, 100 and 125 Gy + IPM - 0.5% Neem, IPM with 0.5% Neem and IPM with 0.5% Neem combined with maize barrier, were promising in controlling insect vectors and leafminers at the vegetative stage, when there is low leafminer population pressure; the number of sprayings in IPM is lower than in conventional control, b) In the pepper experiment, the cultivars Priscila and AF 3159 were the least infested by white flies, thrips, aphids and total vectors, but did not show high pepper yield. The most infested cultivars were Magali R and Laser, which were also the most pruductive. The conventional strategy was the most efficient in controlling insect vectors, allowing the highest yields and the lowest relative control costs. The control with 0.5 and 0.75% Neem oil, radiation of 75, 100 and 125 Gy combined with 0.5% Neem oil and 0.5 and 1.0% Neem oil, were promising to control insect vectors, because they allowed high pepper yield. A linear, negative correlation between the rate... (Complete abstract, click electronic access below)
This work was conducted to evaluate insect-pest control strategies in tomato and green pepper. Sampling, action thresholds, genetic resistance, chemical control, natural insecticides, irradiation and cultural control were studied. The number of B. tabaci, F. schultzei and M. persicae were sampled, and the rate of virus-infected plants, pepper yield and the costs of the products in relation to the production were determined. Data were subjected to an ANOVA through Fisher s test, and means were compared by Tukey test at 5% of probability. Our results showed that: a) In tomato: the cultivars AP 529 and AP 533 were less infested by T. absoluta in the first and second experiments, respectively, during the fruiting stage; the conventional strategy was the most efficient in controlling insect vectors, virus infection and the leafminer, and allowed higher fruit yield. The strategies IPM, radiation of 75, 100 and 125 Gy + IPM - 0.5% Neem, IPM with 0.5% Neem and IPM with 0.5% Neem combined with maize barrier, were promising in controlling insect vectors and leafminers at the vegetative stage, when there is low leafminer population pressure; the number of sprayings in IPM is lower than in conventional control, b) In the pepper experiment, the cultivars Priscila and AF 3159 were the least infested by white flies, thrips, aphids and total vectors, but did not show high pepper yield. The most infested cultivars were Magali R and Laser, which were also the most pruductive. The conventional strategy was the most efficient in controlling insect vectors, allowing the highest yields and the lowest relative control costs. The control with 0.5 and 0.75% Neem oil, radiation of 75, 100 and 125 Gy combined with 0.5% Neem oil and 0.5 and 1.0% Neem oil, were promising to control insect vectors, because they allowed high pepper yield. A linear, negative correlation between the rate... (Complete abstract, click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Pragas agricolas, Solanacea, Raios gama, Insetos-vetores, Insect vectors, Integrated pest management, Solanaceae
Como citar
MACEDO, Marcos Aurélio Anequini de. Estratégias de controle de insetos-pragas nas culturas do tomateiro (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill) e pimentão (Capsicum annum L.). 2006. xxi, 125 f. Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas de Botucatu, 2006.