Impacto de herbicidas sobre a biologia e controle de Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) na cultura do milho
Data
2011-10-21
Autores
Dal Pogetto, Mário Henrique Ferreira do Amaral [UNESP]
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Os herbicidas são capazes de promover alterações fisiológicas nas plantas cultivadas não suscetíveis a eles, podendo acarretar mudanças na bioecologia dos insetos que utilizam tais plantas para sobrevivência, inclusive insetos-praga e seus inimigos naturais. Além disso, aplicações seqüenciais ou associadas de herbicidas e inseticidas podem influenciar a eficácia de controle dos insetos-praga. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o impacto de herbicidas aplicados em pós-emergência em plantas de milho sobre o desenvolvimento de Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) e sobre seus inimigos naturais em campo e laboratório. A interação entre herbicidas e inseticidas sobre o controle da praga também foi avaliada. Em laboratório, plantas de milho foram pulverizadas com os herbicidas bentazona, atrazina, nicossulfuron e 2,4-D (doses recomendadas) e folhas fornecidas a lagartas neonatas de S. frugiperda, para o acompanhamento do desenvolvimento do inseto. De forma semelhante, pupas de S. frugiperda obtidas das lagartas criadas sobre as folhas de milho tratadas com os herbicidas foram oferecidas a fêmeas do parasitóide de pupas Trichospilus diatraeae (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) para acompanhamento do desenvolvimento e taxa de parasitismo do parasitóide. Em campo os herbicidas foram aplicados nas plantas de milho e a população de S. frugiperda foi monitorada semanalmente. Quinze dias após a aplicação dos herbicidas larvas da praga foram coletadas e transferidas individualmente para potes contendo dieta artificial para avaliação do parasitismo natural. O efeito dos herbicidas sobre o controle químico de S. frugiperda foi realizado da seguinte forma: larvas do inseto foram alimentadas com dieta artificial contendo herbicidas e após 48 h foram colocadas para se alimentar...
Herbicides can promote physiological changes in non susceptible crops and may lead to changes in bioecology of insects that use these plants for their survival, especially pests and their natural enemies. In addition, herbicides applications next or in mixture with insecticides can affect the effectiveness of pest control. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of post-emergence herbicides applied in corn plants on the development of Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) and their natural enemies in field and laboratory. The interaction between herbicides and insecticides on pest control was also evaluated. In laboratory corn plants were sprayed with the herbicides bentazon, atrazine, nicosulfuron and 2,4-D and leaves were supplied to neonate larvae of S. frugiperda for development evaluation. Similarly, S. frugiperda pupae obtained from caterpillars reared on treated leaves with herbicides were offered to females of the Trichospilus diatraeae (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae). The development and parasitism rate by parasitoid was evaluated. In field conditions the herbicides were applied in corn plants and the population of S. frugiperda was monitored weekly. Fourteen days after the herbicides application pest larvae were collected and transferred individually to pots containing artificial diet to evaluate the natural parasitism. The effect of herbicides on the chemical control of S. frugiperda was performed as follows: the insect larvae were fed on artificial diet containing herbicides 48 h before exposition to insecticides. After larvae were placed to feed on corn leaves treated with synthetic insecticides chlorpyrifos, deltamethrin, methomyl, etofenprox and spinosad, these same insecticides... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Herbicides can promote physiological changes in non susceptible crops and may lead to changes in bioecology of insects that use these plants for their survival, especially pests and their natural enemies. In addition, herbicides applications next or in mixture with insecticides can affect the effectiveness of pest control. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of post-emergence herbicides applied in corn plants on the development of Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) and their natural enemies in field and laboratory. The interaction between herbicides and insecticides on pest control was also evaluated. In laboratory corn plants were sprayed with the herbicides bentazon, atrazine, nicosulfuron and 2,4-D and leaves were supplied to neonate larvae of S. frugiperda for development evaluation. Similarly, S. frugiperda pupae obtained from caterpillars reared on treated leaves with herbicides were offered to females of the Trichospilus diatraeae (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae). The development and parasitism rate by parasitoid was evaluated. In field conditions the herbicides were applied in corn plants and the population of S. frugiperda was monitored weekly. Fourteen days after the herbicides application pest larvae were collected and transferred individually to pots containing artificial diet to evaluate the natural parasitism. The effect of herbicides on the chemical control of S. frugiperda was performed as follows: the insect larvae were fed on artificial diet containing herbicides 48 h before exposition to insecticides. After larvae were placed to feed on corn leaves treated with synthetic insecticides chlorpyrifos, deltamethrin, methomyl, etofenprox and spinosad, these same insecticides... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Herbicidas, Insetos - Controle biológico, Lagarta-do-cartucho, Insects - Biological control
Como citar
DAL POGETTO, Mário Henrique Ferreira do Amaral. Impacto de herbicidas sobre a biologia e controle de Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) na cultura do milho. 2011. iv, 75 f. Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas de Botucatu, 2011.