Doenças causadas por fungos de solo na soja em plantio direto em campo nativo
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Data
2002-07
Autores
Venancio, Wilson Story [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O plantio direto em campo nativo (PDCN) é uma nova proposta de agricultura, onde a maior preocupação concentra-se na preservação das características físicas do solo, evitando-se qualquer mecanismo que possa desestruturá-lo. Em função da necessidade de melhores resultados na produção agrícola, sem que se façam necessárias as aberturas de novas fronteiras agrícolas, este estudo se propõe a ajudar na viabilização de áreas já existentes no universo agrícola do país. Fornecer informações sobre a utilização de PD e PDCN no que se refere aos problemas fitopatológicos na cultura da soja, avaliar fatores de produção em PDCN para a cultura da soja, comparando as diferentes palhadas das culturas de inverno, observar e relatar as principais doenças de solo que ocorram no sistema PDCN comparando com áreas em PD e plantio convencional (PC). Através dos resultados obtidos durante o período de desenvolvimento deste experimento observou-se que o sistema de plantio direto em campo nativo – PDCN, pode representar uma importante ferramenta no manejo de doenças de solo na cultura da soja. A preservação da microbiota original em áreas novas (campos nativos, pastagens degradadas, áreas virgens, etc.), ou o fomento através do aumento de matéria orgânica, possibilitam ao sojicultor uma maior longevidade a um menor custo. Os resultados obtidos neste experimento, repetido para a cultura da soja por 7 anos, permitem afirmar que PDCN, mesmo em condições extremas de monocultivo, promove um desenvolvimento normal, sem a presença de doenças induzidas por fungos de solo. A sucessão de cultivos (inverno-verão) aliada à rotação de cultivos no inverno, mostraram-se eficientes na prevenção de doenças na cultura da soja. A rotação de cultura e o tratamento químico de sementes são os complementos para a viabilização do PD. Os resultados de... .
Direct seeding in native soils is a new proposal in agriculture that emphasizes the preservation of the physical characteristics of the soil avoiding any means that would destroy it. In consideration of the need to improve agricultural production without opening new agricultural land, this study proposes to increase the productivity of existing agricultural areas. The purpose of the study was to furnish information on the use of no-till and direct seeding in relation to plant diseases in soybean culture, evaluate factors in direct seeding comparing mulching systems in winter, and observing the principal soil-borne diseases that occur with direct seeding in comparison to no-till and conventional tillage. From the results obtained in the development of this experiment, direct seeding in native soil can represent an important tool in the management of soil-borne diseases in soybean culture. The preservation of the original microbiota in new areas (native fields, degraded pastures, virgin areas, etc.) or their improvement through the increase in organic matter, makes possible to the soybean farm greater longevity at less cost. The results obtained in this experiment, repeating the culture of soybeans for 7 years, confirm that direct seeding in native soils even under extreme conditions of monoculture allows normal development without the presence of diseases induced by soil-borne fungi. The succession of crops (wintersummer) along with the rotation of crops in winter was shown to be efficient in the prevention of diseases in soybean culture. Crop rotation and chemical seed treatment are complementary in making no-tillage systems possible. The yield results showed greater stability in the no-till and direct seeding systems with the latter... (Complete abstract, click electronic address below).
Direct seeding in native soils is a new proposal in agriculture that emphasizes the preservation of the physical characteristics of the soil avoiding any means that would destroy it. In consideration of the need to improve agricultural production without opening new agricultural land, this study proposes to increase the productivity of existing agricultural areas. The purpose of the study was to furnish information on the use of no-till and direct seeding in relation to plant diseases in soybean culture, evaluate factors in direct seeding comparing mulching systems in winter, and observing the principal soil-borne diseases that occur with direct seeding in comparison to no-till and conventional tillage. From the results obtained in the development of this experiment, direct seeding in native soil can represent an important tool in the management of soil-borne diseases in soybean culture. The preservation of the original microbiota in new areas (native fields, degraded pastures, virgin areas, etc.) or their improvement through the increase in organic matter, makes possible to the soybean farm greater longevity at less cost. The results obtained in this experiment, repeating the culture of soybeans for 7 years, confirm that direct seeding in native soils even under extreme conditions of monoculture allows normal development without the presence of diseases induced by soil-borne fungi. The succession of crops (wintersummer) along with the rotation of crops in winter was shown to be efficient in the prevention of diseases in soybean culture. Crop rotation and chemical seed treatment are complementary in making no-tillage systems possible. The yield results showed greater stability in the no-till and direct seeding systems with the latter... (Complete abstract, click electronic address below).
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Soja - Doenças e pragas, Plantio direto, Fungos do solo
Como citar
VENANCIO, Wilson Story. Doenças causadas por fungos de solo na soja em plantio direto em campo nativo. 2002. x, 100 f. Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas, 2002.