Formação de hidrogel: interação polímero-sulfactante-argila
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Data
2010-02-04
Autores
Magri, Reinaldo [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Argilas compreendem uma classe de sistemas micro-heterogêneos complexos e pouco empregados como substratos nos estudos de adsorção. Entretanto, a interação de surfactantes e polímeros com estes substratos em particular, tem sido objeto de averiguações devido a sua importância técnica e industrial. Uma importante propriedade das argilas é a sua capacidade de formar colóides quando dispersas em solução aquosa. Argilas sintéticas são estudadas na presença de surfactantes e polímeros solúveis em água, que em função da interação com a argila em determinada razão argila-polímero-surfactante apresentam propriedades de gel. Em muitos sistemas as argilas orgânicas têm demonstrado remover efetivamente de águas, compostos orgânicos como os hidrocarbonetos aromáticos policíclicos e íons metálicos, os quais são introduzidos no ambiente principalmente pela indústria química e de combustíveis fósseis. No presente trabalho investigou-se a interação de diversos surfactantes e polímeros com a superfície da argila bentonita tendo como objetivo a obtenção de um hidrogel. Os estudos foram realizados em duas etapas. A primeira refere-se ao estudo dos sistemas argila-polímero e argila-surfactante em suspensão buscando encontrar o melhor sistema para a formação do hidrogel e a segunda refere-se ao estudo da interação de diferentes cátions metálicos e compostos orgânicos apolares com o hidrogel. As suspensões, na primeira etapa, foram estudadas por meio da avaliação do comportamento espectrofotométrico do azul de metileno utilizado como molécula sonda, e também por medidas de tensão superficial e de condutividade. Estes estudos permitiram determinar que o melhor sistema para a obtenção do hidrogel é aquele constituído por bentonita e PVA e que a razão entre...
Clays comprise a class of micro-heterogeneous complex and little used as substrates for adsorption. However, the interaction of surfactants and polymers with these substrates in particular, has been the subject of investigations due to its technical and industrial importance. An important property of clay is its ability to form colloids when dispersed in aqueous solution. Synthetic clays are studied in the presence of surfactants and water-soluble polymers, which due to the interaction with the clay in a given reason clay-surfactant-polymer gel have properties. In many systems the organic clays have been shown to effectively remove water, organic compounds such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and metal ions, which are introduced into the environment mainly by the chemical industry and fossil fuels. In the present study investigated the interaction between surfactants and polymers with the surface of bentonite clay with the objective of obtaining a hydrogel. The studies were conducted in two steps. The first refers to the study of clay-polymer systems and clay-surfactant in the suspension trying to find the best system for the formation of the hydrogel and the second refers to the study of the interaction of different metal ions and polar organic compounds with the hydrogel. The suspensions, the first step has been studied by means of the performance evaluation of the spectrophotometric methylene blue used as a probe molecule, and also measures surface tension and conductivity. These studies determine the best system for obtaining a hydrogel that is composed of bentonite and PVA and the mass ratio of polymer polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and bentonite clay of 0.25 results in a system fully gelled. In the second stage studies were conducted by the addition of the metal ions... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Clays comprise a class of micro-heterogeneous complex and little used as substrates for adsorption. However, the interaction of surfactants and polymers with these substrates in particular, has been the subject of investigations due to its technical and industrial importance. An important property of clay is its ability to form colloids when dispersed in aqueous solution. Synthetic clays are studied in the presence of surfactants and water-soluble polymers, which due to the interaction with the clay in a given reason clay-surfactant-polymer gel have properties. In many systems the organic clays have been shown to effectively remove water, organic compounds such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and metal ions, which are introduced into the environment mainly by the chemical industry and fossil fuels. In the present study investigated the interaction between surfactants and polymers with the surface of bentonite clay with the objective of obtaining a hydrogel. The studies were conducted in two steps. The first refers to the study of clay-polymer systems and clay-surfactant in the suspension trying to find the best system for the formation of the hydrogel and the second refers to the study of the interaction of different metal ions and polar organic compounds with the hydrogel. The suspensions, the first step has been studied by means of the performance evaluation of the spectrophotometric methylene blue used as a probe molecule, and also measures surface tension and conductivity. These studies determine the best system for obtaining a hydrogel that is composed of bentonite and PVA and the mass ratio of polymer polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and bentonite clay of 0.25 results in a system fully gelled. In the second stage studies were conducted by the addition of the metal ions... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Quimica analitica, Polimeros, Hidrogel, Analytical chemistry, Polymers
Como citar
MAGRI, Reinaldo. Formação de hidrogel: interação polímero-sulfactante-argila. 2010. 122 f. Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Instituto de Química, 2010.