Impacto ambiental e agronômico do uso de condicionadores orgânicos no cultivo de Cymbopogon citratus
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Data
2007-07-23
Autores
Fujita, Allynson Takehiro [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A proteção ao meio ambiente e o desenvolvimento econômico propicia o modelo sustentável. A transformação da fração orgânica decomponível em aditivos orgânicos, através da compostagem pode reduzir em mais de 50% o montante de resíduos destinados aos aterros ou lixões. O emprego dos aditivos orgânicos na produção de Cymbopogon citratus se aproxima deste modelo de sustentabilidade. Fez-se o estudo ambiental e agronômico envolvendo o uso de dois aditivos orgânicos (composto de resíduos sólidos urbanos (CRSU) e composto comercial Ecosolo®) e as recomendações de calagem e adubação (sais) propostas pelo Instituto Agronômico de Campinas. Para tanto se realizou um experimento em campo, empregando um delineamento experimental de blocos ao acaso com parcelas subdivididas, integrado por 4 tratamentos (solo, 30,0 Mg ha-1 de CRSU, 30,0 Mg ha-1 de Ecosolo® e recomendações técnicas do Boletim 100) 3 épocas de coleta de material vegetal nas subparcelas (120 rebrota de 120 e 240 dias após o plantio 4 repetições. A maior produção de matéria vegetal ocorreu aos 240 dias de cultivo, sendo que a maior produção de óleo essencial foi detectada na colheita aos 120 dias e a rebrota de 120 dias apresentou médias intermediárias para essas variáveis. O CRSU apresentou desempenho similar à produção de óleo essencial observada nos tratamentos com aditivo Ecosolo® e calagem e adubação com sais recomendadas pelo Boletim 100. No aspecto ambiental o CRSU apresentou maior concentração de amônio e de fósforo disponível em relação aos demais tratamentos, mas apresentou menor concentração de crômio em relação aos mesmos seguido do aditivo Ecosolo®. Os níveis de metais impactantes verificados nas matrizes solo e aditivos estão abaixo dos níveis de intervenção estabelecidos pela legislação do Estado de São Paulo. Palavras Chaves: Aditivos orgânicos, Cymbopogon, óleo essencial, nitrato, fósforo, metais impactantes.
The protection to the environment and the economic development, propitiate the sustainable model. The transformation of the decomposable organic fraction in organic compost, through the compostagem can more than reduce in 50% the sum of residues destined to the earthwork sanitary or residues of deposit. The job of organic compost in the production of Cymbopogon citratus if approaches to this sustainable model. The environment and agricultural study became involving the use of two organic compost (urban solid waste compost (USWC) and the commercial compost “Ecosolo®”) and the recommendations of neutralization and fertilization (inorganic salt) proposals for the “Instituto Agronômico de Campinas- IAC”. For in such a way it executed an experiment in field, applying an experimental delineation of blocks to with subdivided parcels, formed for four treatments (soil (control), 30,0 Mg ha-1 of USWC, 30,0 Mg ha-1 of Ecosolo® and techniques recommendations of “Boletim 100-IAC”), three vegetable material crop times of vegetable material (120, 120 days after the first crop and 240 days the plantation) and four repetitions. The biggest production of vegetable material occurred to the 240 days of culture, being that the biggest essential oil production was observed in the crop of 120 days and 120 days after the first crop days presented intermediate averages for these variable. The USWC showed similar performance to essential oil production the observed in the treatments with Ecosolo® compost and neutralization and fertilization with salt recommended for Boletim 100. In the environment aspect the USWC presented greater concentration of ammonium and available phosphor in relation to the too much treatments, but it presented minor concentration of chromo in relation to the same ones, followed of the Ecosolo® compost. The verified heavy metal levels in the matrices soil + additive...(Complete abstract click electronic access below)
The protection to the environment and the economic development, propitiate the sustainable model. The transformation of the decomposable organic fraction in organic compost, through the compostagem can more than reduce in 50% the sum of residues destined to the earthwork sanitary or residues of deposit. The job of organic compost in the production of Cymbopogon citratus if approaches to this sustainable model. The environment and agricultural study became involving the use of two organic compost (urban solid waste compost (USWC) and the commercial compost “Ecosolo®”) and the recommendations of neutralization and fertilization (inorganic salt) proposals for the “Instituto Agronômico de Campinas- IAC”. For in such a way it executed an experiment in field, applying an experimental delineation of blocks to with subdivided parcels, formed for four treatments (soil (control), 30,0 Mg ha-1 of USWC, 30,0 Mg ha-1 of Ecosolo® and techniques recommendations of “Boletim 100-IAC”), three vegetable material crop times of vegetable material (120, 120 days after the first crop and 240 days the plantation) and four repetitions. The biggest production of vegetable material occurred to the 240 days of culture, being that the biggest essential oil production was observed in the crop of 120 days and 120 days after the first crop days presented intermediate averages for these variable. The USWC showed similar performance to essential oil production the observed in the treatments with Ecosolo® compost and neutralization and fertilization with salt recommended for Boletim 100. In the environment aspect the USWC presented greater concentration of ammonium and available phosphor in relation to the too much treatments, but it presented minor concentration of chromo in relation to the same ones, followed of the Ecosolo® compost. The verified heavy metal levels in the matrices soil + additive...(Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Química ambiental, Aditivos, Óleo essencial, Metais impactantes
Como citar
FUJITA, Allynson Takehiro. Impacto ambiental e agronômico do uso de condicionadores orgânicos no cultivo de Cymbopogon citratus. 2007. 124 f. Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Instituto de Química, 2007.