Microgeração de energia eletrica (abaixo de 100kw) utilizando turbina tesla modificada
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Data
2010-10-29
Autores
Batista, Julio Cesar [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Este trabalho desenvolve um sistema para gerar energia elétrica com caldeira e turbina, para ocupar um nicho de mercado em que os sistemas a vapor existentes não são economicamente viáveis. O sistema utiliza a turbina Tesla que é compatível para essa faixa e não possui pás, podendo operar com vapor saturado fornecido por uma pequena caldeira consumindo lenha. A micro-geração proposta pode levar energia a milhões de brasileiros no campo, onde se dispõe de algum tipo de biomassa. Apesar do baixo custo da turbina Tesla, por ser de simples construção e compacta, e de suas incontáveis possibilidades de aplicação, se desconhece, até então, aplicações comerciais massivas devido ao baixo torque obtido nos protótipos feitos desde 1910 e por essa razão foi modificada. Este trabalho inova ao desenvolver um protótipo da turbina Tesla modificado para fornecer maior torque e ao comparar à turbina Tesla original. Devido à inexistência de equações que descrevem a turbina Tesla, um modelo matemático que permite projetar a turbina Tesla foi desenvolvido e validado por resultados experimentais e de simulação. Testes comparativos com duas turbinas com as mesmas dimensões mostraram que a turbina Tesla modificada apresentou eficiência superior à turbina Tesla original. Desenvolveu-se, também, um protótipo do sistema para micro-geração utilizando a turbina Tesla modificada, caldeira e gerador elétrico. Os custos do sistema e da energia gerada foram comparados com os de outros meios de geração mostrando serem competitivos economicamente para essa faixa de operação.
This work develops a system to generate electric power with boiler and turbine that aims to occupy the niche of the market for which steam systems are not economically viable. The system uses a Tesla turbine, which is compatible to the range of power. Also, it does not have blades, being able to operate with steam delivered by a small boiler fed with wood. The proposed micro-generation system can take energy to millions of Brazilians living in the country, where some type of biomass is available. In despite of the low cost of the Tesla turbine, because it is compact and simple to build, and despite of its uncountable possibilities of applications, massive commercial applications of the technology are not found due to the low torque of the prototypes built since 1910. For this reason, the Tesla turbine was modified. This work is original since it develops a modified Tesla turbine prototype to furnish a higher torque when compared to an original Tesla turbine. Due to the lack of equations that model a Tesla turbine, a mathematical model was developed to allow the design of the Tesla turbine; it was validated by means of experimental and simulating results. The comparative tests with two turbines, with same dimensions, showed that the modified Tesla turbine presents a higher efficiency than the original Tesla turbine. A micro-generation system, using the modified Tesla turbine, boiler and electric generator, was also developed. The costs of the system and of the generated energy were compared with other means of generation and showed to be commercially competitive for that range.
This work develops a system to generate electric power with boiler and turbine that aims to occupy the niche of the market for which steam systems are not economically viable. The system uses a Tesla turbine, which is compatible to the range of power. Also, it does not have blades, being able to operate with steam delivered by a small boiler fed with wood. The proposed micro-generation system can take energy to millions of Brazilians living in the country, where some type of biomass is available. In despite of the low cost of the Tesla turbine, because it is compact and simple to build, and despite of its uncountable possibilities of applications, massive commercial applications of the technology are not found due to the low torque of the prototypes built since 1910. For this reason, the Tesla turbine was modified. This work is original since it develops a modified Tesla turbine prototype to furnish a higher torque when compared to an original Tesla turbine. Due to the lack of equations that model a Tesla turbine, a mathematical model was developed to allow the design of the Tesla turbine; it was validated by means of experimental and simulating results. The comparative tests with two turbines, with same dimensions, showed that the modified Tesla turbine presents a higher efficiency than the original Tesla turbine. A micro-generation system, using the modified Tesla turbine, boiler and electric generator, was also developed. The costs of the system and of the generated energy were compared with other means of generation and showed to be commercially competitive for that range.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Turbinas a vapor, Steam turbine
Como citar
BATISTA, Julio Cesar. Microgeração de energia eletrica (abaixo de 100kw) utilizando turbina tesla modificada. 2009. 107 f. Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Engenharia de Guaratinguetá, 2009.