Atividade sazonal e uso do ambiente por anfíbios da Mata Atlântica no alto da Serra do Mar
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Data
2008-08-11
Autores
Giasson, Luís Olímpio Menta [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A Mata Atlântica é um dos biomas mais biodiversos e, ao mesmo tempo, mais ameaçados do planeta. Estudos com anuros têm corroborado este padrão de diversidade, demonstrando que há grande variação na composição de espécies, mesmo entre localidades próximas neste bioma. Sob estas condições estudos de comunidades com anuros são de alta relevância e oportunos para investigar os fatores que estruturam as comunidades. Deste modo, foram caracterizadas as espécies de anuros de uma área de Mata Atlântica, detalhando a estrutura da comunidade. Investigou-se a organização sazonal das espécies, o padrão de uso do ambiente e a partilha dos recursos e a similaridade com outras taxocenoses do Sul e Sudeste. Para tanto, foram feitas 25 amostragens no Núcleo Santa Virgínia do Parque Estadual da Serra do Mar. As espécies em atividade vocal e demais evidências de reprodução foram registradas e as vocalizações gravadas. Nas excursões, durando de quatro a oito dias, eram amostrados e registrados os ambientes usados pelos anuros. Foram registradas 50 espécies de anuros sendo a ampla maioria tipicamente associada à Mata Atlântica. Na atividade sazonal ocorreu uma gradação entre espécies restritas aos meses do verão, passando por espécies com período mais amplo de atividade, até espécies restritas ao inverno. O padrão de uso do ambiente em geral refletiu a filogenia e a maior sobreposição nesta dimensão do nicho ocorreu entre espécies aparentadas, apesar de também ocorrerem convergências entre espécies pouco aparentadas. Restrições herdadas são mais razoáveis para explicar os padrões gerais de uso do ambiente do que competição interespecífica ou predação ocorrendo no presente. A taxocenose de anuros deste estudo se assemelhou àquelas situadas em áreas serranas da Mata Atlântica. A similaridade na composição de espécies entre as localidades está fortemente relacionada às distâncias geográficas entre elas.
The Atlantic forest is one the world’s most diverse biomes and at the same time on of the most threatened. Studies on frogs are confirming this pattern, showing great variance in species composition, even among close localities in this biome. From this perspective, studies on frog communities are of extreme importance to elucidate the factors structuring these communities. Thus, herein we characterize the frog species from a locality in the Atlantic Forest, providing details on community structure. Seasonal activity of species, pattern of habitat use, resource partitioning, and species composition similarity between regions in the South and Southeast Brazil were investigated. Twenty-five samples were carried out at Núcleo Santa Virgínia, at the Serra do Mar State Park, São Paulo state, southeast Brazil. Calling activity of species, other reproductive evidences, and vocalizations were registered. During the surveys, which lasted from four to eight days, habitats used by the species were sampled and characterized. A total of 50 anuran species was registered; the great majority typical of the Atlantic Forest. Regarding seasonality, we detected a continuum from species with activity during the summer, to species exhibiting a more prolonged season, up to species restricted to the winter. Habitat use, in general, reflected the phylogeny and the greater overlap occurred among close related species, although convergence among distant species was also observed. Restrictions related to phylogeny are more plausible to explain the general pattern of habitat use observed here, than are present interspecific competition or predation. Community composition at the study site was more similar to those from montane areas located in the Atlantic Forest and species composition similarity was strongly related to the geographic distances among them. Localities under the influence of the Atlantic Forest are less similar among them than are those ...
The Atlantic forest is one the world’s most diverse biomes and at the same time on of the most threatened. Studies on frogs are confirming this pattern, showing great variance in species composition, even among close localities in this biome. From this perspective, studies on frog communities are of extreme importance to elucidate the factors structuring these communities. Thus, herein we characterize the frog species from a locality in the Atlantic Forest, providing details on community structure. Seasonal activity of species, pattern of habitat use, resource partitioning, and species composition similarity between regions in the South and Southeast Brazil were investigated. Twenty-five samples were carried out at Núcleo Santa Virgínia, at the Serra do Mar State Park, São Paulo state, southeast Brazil. Calling activity of species, other reproductive evidences, and vocalizations were registered. During the surveys, which lasted from four to eight days, habitats used by the species were sampled and characterized. A total of 50 anuran species was registered; the great majority typical of the Atlantic Forest. Regarding seasonality, we detected a continuum from species with activity during the summer, to species exhibiting a more prolonged season, up to species restricted to the winter. Habitat use, in general, reflected the phylogeny and the greater overlap occurred among close related species, although convergence among distant species was also observed. Restrictions related to phylogeny are more plausible to explain the general pattern of habitat use observed here, than are present interspecific competition or predation. Community composition at the study site was more similar to those from montane areas located in the Atlantic Forest and species composition similarity was strongly related to the geographic distances among them. Localities under the influence of the Atlantic Forest are less similar among them than are those ...
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Anuro, Biodiversidade, Biogeografia, Mata Atlântica, Anuran species
Como citar
GIASSON, Luís Olímpio Menta. Atividade sazonal e uso do ambiente por anfíbios da Mata Atlântica no alto da Serra do Mar. 2008. 149 f. Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Instituto de Biociências de Rio Claro, 2008.