Reaproveitamento de resíduos de eva reticulado através de reciclagem química
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Data
2013-04-23
Autores
Prestes, Sabrina Moretto Darbello [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A indústria calçadista gera um montante elevado de resíduos de poli[(etileno)-co-(acetato de vinila)], o EVA, na forma de placas expandidas reticuladas sem soluções adequadas de reaproveitamento e/ou reciclagem. A destinação atualmente encontrada para resíduos é o aterramento e a reciclagem energética. Neste contexto, a despolimerização surge como alternativa para reinserir os resíduos no segmento de origem já que o objetivo deste estudo é o reaproveitamento dos mesmos após diferentes métodos de reciclagem química. Cinco resíduos calçadistas de EVA foram caracterizados e um deles foi escolhido para a despolimerização. Também foi determinado o Poder Calorífico do EVA, 7,462 Kcal/Kg, valor que não é suficiente para afirmar que sua queima é viável técnica, ambiental e economicamente. Classificou-se os resíduos moídos de forma granulométrica e com os mesmos em tamanho de partícula de 1000 цm foram testados três métodos de despolimerização: com peróxido de hidrogênio, microondas e com ozônio, sendo este último o que apresentou melhores resultados em 270 minutos de exposição ao gás. Ocorreu diminuição de aproximadamente 44% do teor de gel, quando comparado ao resíduo sem qualquer tipo de tratamento (66,73%) resultando em um material total ou parcialmente termoplástico, o que amplia as possibilidades de reaproveitamento do resíduo, inclusive visando retorná-lo para o segmento de origem. Foram confeccionadas blendas de PVC com EVA proveniente de resíduos despolimerizados com ozônio em diferentes teores (2,5%, 5% e 7%) e as mesmas foram caracterizadas pro Espectroscopia na Região do Infravermelho, Ângulo de contato, tração, MEV e Análises térmicas. Alguns dos resultados sugerem a miscibilidade dos sistemas, mas para tanto são necessárias análises térmicas mais aprofundadas
The shoe industry generates a large amount of poly [(ethylene)-co-(vinyl cetate)] waste in the form of thermoset expanded sheets without solutions of reuse and/or recycling. The currently disposal of waste found for EVA is the grounding and energy recycling. In this context, the depolymerization is an alternative to reenter the wastes in the segment. The objective of this study is the reuse of these waste after different chemical recycling methods in order to obtain blends with virgin PVC. Five distinct EVA shoe wastes were characterized and based on these results, one was chosen for the depolymerization process. Also was analyzed the Calorific Value of EVA, 7,462 Kcal, a value that is not enough to say that his firing is feasible technically, environmentally and economically. The milled wastes were classified based on the particle size and with the wastes in 1000 цm were performed three methods of depolymerization: with hydrogen peroxide, microwave and ozone, the latter being the one with best results in 270 minutes of exposure to the gas. There was a decrease of about 44% of crosslinking, when compared to the residue without any treatment (66,73%) resulting in a material totally or partially thermoplastic, which greatly expands the possibilities of waste, including aiming to return it to the proper shoe segment. Were prepared blends of PVC/EVA waste depolymerized at different levels (2,5%, 5% and 7%) and they were characterized by Infrared Spectroscopy, Contact Angle, Traction, SEM and Thermal Analysis. Some results suggest the miscibility of the systems, but are necessary Thermal Analyses deeper for this purpose
The shoe industry generates a large amount of poly [(ethylene)-co-(vinyl cetate)] waste in the form of thermoset expanded sheets without solutions of reuse and/or recycling. The currently disposal of waste found for EVA is the grounding and energy recycling. In this context, the depolymerization is an alternative to reenter the wastes in the segment. The objective of this study is the reuse of these waste after different chemical recycling methods in order to obtain blends with virgin PVC. Five distinct EVA shoe wastes were characterized and based on these results, one was chosen for the depolymerization process. Also was analyzed the Calorific Value of EVA, 7,462 Kcal, a value that is not enough to say that his firing is feasible technically, environmentally and economically. The milled wastes were classified based on the particle size and with the wastes in 1000 цm were performed three methods of depolymerization: with hydrogen peroxide, microwave and ozone, the latter being the one with best results in 270 minutes of exposure to the gas. There was a decrease of about 44% of crosslinking, when compared to the residue without any treatment (66,73%) resulting in a material totally or partially thermoplastic, which greatly expands the possibilities of waste, including aiming to return it to the proper shoe segment. Were prepared blends of PVC/EVA waste depolymerized at different levels (2,5%, 5% and 7%) and they were characterized by Infrared Spectroscopy, Contact Angle, Traction, SEM and Thermal Analysis. Some results suggest the miscibility of the systems, but are necessary Thermal Analyses deeper for this purpose
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Resíduos industriais, Calçados - Indústria, Polimeros, Espectroscopia de infravermelho, Reaproveitamento (Tecnologia quimica), Factory and trade waste
Como citar
PRESTES, Sabrina Moretto Darbello. Reaproveitamento de resíduos de eva reticulado através de reciclagem química. 2013. 159 f. Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Faculdade de Ciências de Bauru, 2013.