Consequências da deriva de clomazone e sulfentrazone em clones de E. grandis x E. urophylla
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Data
2009-08-01
Autores
Takahashi, Ernesto Norio [UNESP]
Alves, Pedro Luis da Costa Aguiar [UNESP]
Salgado, Tiago Pereira [UNESP]
Farias, Marco Antônio [UNESP]
Silva, Ailton C. [UNESP]
Biaggioni, Bruno Torquato [UNESP]
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Sociedade de Investigações Florestais
Resumo
Este trabalho teve por objetivo estudar os efeitos de deriva simulada dos herbicidas clomazone e sulfentrazone em dois clones comerciais de E. grandis x E. urophylla, da Votorantim Celulose e Papel (VCP1 e VCP2). Na simulação, as doses do herbicida clomazone variaram de 0 a 2.000 mL ha-1 e no sulfentrazone, de 0 a 1.500 mL ha-1. As mudas dos dois clones, previamente selecionadas, foram plantadas em vasos com capacidade para 5,0 L. O solo utilizado foi o Neossolo Quartzarênico, sendo a aplicação dos herbicidas realizada 80 dias após o plantio. O delineamento experimental utilizado em cada herbicida foi o de blocos casualizados, com os tratamentos dispostos em esquema fatorial 2 x 8, com três repetições. O efeito do clomazone resultou em folhas novas rosadas, amareladas e, em alguns casos, esbranquiçadas, como um todo ou em parte dela, enquanto as nervuras se mantiveram verdes. Observou-se, também, que as folhas velhas se tornaram mais verdes e grossas. Ocorreu redução nas características de crescimento, variando de 13 a 57%, e as doses consideradas críticas do herbicida clomazone foram de 800 e 1.200 ml ha-1 nos clones VCP1 e VCP2, respectivamente. Com o sulfentrazone, os sintomas da deriva foram necroses generalizadas nas folhas novas e velhas; ao redor da necrose, formaram-se região arroxeada e deformação intensa nas folhas novas e regular nas folhas velhas, bem como houve perda de dominância apical. As características de crescimento indicaram redução de 9 a 66%. A dose crítica desse herbicida foi de 75 ml ha-1 no clone VCP1 e 1.200 ml ha-1 no VCP2. Conclui-se que uma possível deriva dos herbicidas estudados e utilizados em cana-de-açúcar poderá causar prejuízos ao crescimento dos clones avaliados.
This research aimed to develop accurate information about the effects of two simulated herbicide drift (clomazone and sulfentrazone) on the growth of Votorantim Celulose e Papel Eucalyptus grandis x E. urohylla comercial clones (VCP1 and VCP2). This research imposed doses to clomazone ranging between 0 and 2000 mL ha-1 and 0 to 1500 mL ha-1 to sulfentrazone. One cutting of each clone was planted in 5.0 liter plastic pots filled with sandy soil. 80 days after the planting, the herbicide applications were carried out. The treatments were applied to plots with completely randomized blocks with a 2x8 factorial design and replicated three times. The clomazone effects resulted in yellowish, pinkish young leaves and, in some cases, a whitening effect between leaf veins and strongly green and thicker older leaves. The growth parameters were reduced between 13 and 57% and the critical doses of clomazone were from 800 to 1200 ml ha-1, for the clones VCP1 and VCP2, respectively. For sulfentrazone, the drift symptoms included speckling and spotting of younger and older leaves, and purple rings around the spots. High deformation of younger leaves, regular deformation of older leaves, and apical dominance also occurred. The growth parameters indicated a reduction between 9 and 66%. The critical doses to sulfentrazone were 75 - 1200 ml ha-1, for the clones VCP1 and VCP2, respectively. We may conclude from this research that clomazone and sulfentrazone drift could affect the development of the clones evaluated.
This research aimed to develop accurate information about the effects of two simulated herbicide drift (clomazone and sulfentrazone) on the growth of Votorantim Celulose e Papel Eucalyptus grandis x E. urohylla comercial clones (VCP1 and VCP2). This research imposed doses to clomazone ranging between 0 and 2000 mL ha-1 and 0 to 1500 mL ha-1 to sulfentrazone. One cutting of each clone was planted in 5.0 liter plastic pots filled with sandy soil. 80 days after the planting, the herbicide applications were carried out. The treatments were applied to plots with completely randomized blocks with a 2x8 factorial design and replicated three times. The clomazone effects resulted in yellowish, pinkish young leaves and, in some cases, a whitening effect between leaf veins and strongly green and thicker older leaves. The growth parameters were reduced between 13 and 57% and the critical doses of clomazone were from 800 to 1200 ml ha-1, for the clones VCP1 and VCP2, respectively. For sulfentrazone, the drift symptoms included speckling and spotting of younger and older leaves, and purple rings around the spots. High deformation of younger leaves, regular deformation of older leaves, and apical dominance also occurred. The growth parameters indicated a reduction between 9 and 66%. The critical doses to sulfentrazone were 75 - 1200 ml ha-1, for the clones VCP1 and VCP2, respectively. We may conclude from this research that clomazone and sulfentrazone drift could affect the development of the clones evaluated.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Critical doses, Herbicides, Symptoms, Dose crítica, Herbicidas, Sintomas
Como citar
Revista Árvore. Sociedade de Investigações Florestais, v. 33, n. 4, p. 675-683, 2009.