Estrutura de populações e inoculações recíprocas de Xylella fastidiosa subsp. pauca com ocorrência em cultivos vizinhos de Citrus sinensis e Coffea arabica sob condições do estado de São Paulo
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2014-08-25
Autores
Francisco, Carolina Sardinha [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A pouco mais de uma década a bactéria Xylella fastidiosa passou de um organismo pouco conhecido a uns dos mais conhecidos, ao menos em termos de genômica. No Brasil esta bactéria afeta culturas de importância econômica como citros, causando a clorose variegada dos citros (CVC) e café, na qual causa a requeima da folha do cafeeiro (RFC), também conhecida como atrofia do ramo do cafeeiro (ARC). Em laranjeiras a bactéria acarreta os maiores danos econômicos, na ordem de 100 milhões de dólares anuais. Em relação às plantas de café, estudos demonstraram que a cada 1% de aumento na severidade da doença há perdas de rendimento de 1,22 a 1,34 sacos de 60kg por hectare. Ambas as culturas são afetadas pela Xylella fastidiosa subsp. pauca e transmitida pelos mesmo vetores, porém ainda são incertas as informações se o isolado que causa a CVC pode colonizar cafeeiros e causar doença e vice-versa. Além do mais, em contraste com os diversos estudos já realizados sobre populações de X. fastidiosa infectando laranjeiras, não se tinha informações sobre a diversidade genética e estrutura populacional deste patógeno quando infectando cafeeiros. Um total de 618 estirpes de X. fastidiosa foi isolado de laranjeiras e cafeeiros de quatro regiões geográficas distintas do estado de São Paulo. Esses isolados foram genotipados através de 14 marcadores microssatélites. A alta diversidade genotípica e genética, os altos índices de clonalidade, o forte desequilíbrio gamético e o elevado grau de subdivisão populacional encontrados nas populações de X. fastidiosa amostradas de cafeeiros são consistentes com predominância de um modo de reprodução clonal. Os níveis de subdivisão observados poderiam ser explicados pela migração histórica assimétrica encontrada entre as populações, indicando as populações da região Noroeste e Central como as prováveis fundadoras. Também realizamos ensaios de inoculações recíprocas ...
A little over a decade the bacterium Xylella fastidiosa has gone from a little-known body to the most popular ones, at least in terms of genomics. In Brazil this bacterium affects economically important crops such as citrus, which causes citrus variegated chlorosis (CVC) and coffee, causing coffee leaf scorch (CLS), also known as coffee stem atrophy (CSA). In orange this bacteria causes major economic losses in the order of 100 million dollars annually. Regarding the coffee plants, studies have shown that every 1% increase in the severity of disease cause loss of 1.22 to 1.34 bags of 60kg per hectare. Both cultures are affected by subsp. pauca of X. fastidiosa and are transmitted by the same vectors, but informations are still uncertain if isolated causing CVC can colonize and cause disease in coffee plants and vice versa. Moreover, in contrast of many previous work on study about population of X. fastidiosa infecting orange, we had no information about genetic diversity and population structure of this pathogen infecting coffee plants. Thus a total of 618 strains of X. fastidiosa was isolated from orange and coffee in four distinct geographic regions (Central, Northwestern, Center-western and Eastern) of the São Paulo State. These isolates were typed by fourteen microsatellite markers. The high genotypic and genetic diversity, high levels of clonality, strong gametic disequilibrium, and the population subdivision found in X. fastidiosa population are consistent with the predominance of mode of clonal reproduction. The subdivision levels observed could be explained by the asymmetric historical migration between populations, indicating the populations of Central and Northwestern region as the probable founders. We also performed tests of reciprocal inoculations among isolates from orange and coffee plants under controlled conditions. The 99 isolates from orange and 127 isolates from coffee through Bayesian analysis, were grouped on ...
A little over a decade the bacterium Xylella fastidiosa has gone from a little-known body to the most popular ones, at least in terms of genomics. In Brazil this bacterium affects economically important crops such as citrus, which causes citrus variegated chlorosis (CVC) and coffee, causing coffee leaf scorch (CLS), also known as coffee stem atrophy (CSA). In orange this bacteria causes major economic losses in the order of 100 million dollars annually. Regarding the coffee plants, studies have shown that every 1% increase in the severity of disease cause loss of 1.22 to 1.34 bags of 60kg per hectare. Both cultures are affected by subsp. pauca of X. fastidiosa and are transmitted by the same vectors, but informations are still uncertain if isolated causing CVC can colonize and cause disease in coffee plants and vice versa. Moreover, in contrast of many previous work on study about population of X. fastidiosa infecting orange, we had no information about genetic diversity and population structure of this pathogen infecting coffee plants. Thus a total of 618 strains of X. fastidiosa was isolated from orange and coffee in four distinct geographic regions (Central, Northwestern, Center-western and Eastern) of the São Paulo State. These isolates were typed by fourteen microsatellite markers. The high genotypic and genetic diversity, high levels of clonality, strong gametic disequilibrium, and the population subdivision found in X. fastidiosa population are consistent with the predominance of mode of clonal reproduction. The subdivision levels observed could be explained by the asymmetric historical migration between populations, indicating the populations of Central and Northwestern region as the probable founders. We also performed tests of reciprocal inoculations among isolates from orange and coffee plants under controlled conditions. The 99 isolates from orange and 127 isolates from coffee through Bayesian analysis, were grouped on ...
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Laranja, Café, Coevolução, Inoculação, Bacterias fitopatogenicas, Genetica de populações, Populations genetics
Como citar
FRANCISCO, Carolina Sardinha. Estrutura de populações e inoculações recíprocas de Xylella fastidiosa subsp. pauca com ocorrência em cultivos vizinhos de Citrus sinensis e Coffea arabica sob condições do estado de São Paulo. 2014. x, 96 p. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, 2014.