Cana-de-açúcar: respostas da planta e do solo a diferentes níveis de irrigação no semiárido nordestino
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2014-10-31
Autores
Pinheiro, Mírian Paula Medeiros André [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Para o cultivo de culturas como a cana-de-açúcar, na região semiárida, a irrigação localizada deve ser valorizada entre os produtores, já que ela atende a necessidade da cultura e evita desperdícios, principalmente devido a esta cultura apresentar alta demanda hídrica, variando de 1500 a 2500 mm. Neste sentido, objetivou-se com o presente trabalho avaliar o efeito de déficits hídricos nas diferentes fases da cultura, na biometria, na produtividade e na qualidade tecnológica da cana planta e no perfil de distribuição de água no solo da região do Submédio São Francisco. Este experimento foi conduzido num talhão experimental de cana-de-açúcar na Fazenda São Jorge, pertencente à empresa AGROVALE, no município de Juazeiro-BA. A variedade utilizada foi a VAT 90212. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados, com dez tratamentos e três repetições. Os tratamentos tratam-se da redução das lâminas de irrigação nas diferentes fases de desenvolvimento da cultura (1-164; 164-224; 224-284 e 284-344 dias após o plantio correspondentes, respectivamente, as Fases I, II e III do ciclo da cultura), sendo: T1 a testemunha, com irrigação plena (100% da evapotranspiração da cultura (ETc)) em todo o ciclo; T2, T5 e T8 com lâminas de 85% da ETc, apenas na primeira, segunda e terceira fase, respectivamente; T3, T6 e T9 com lâminas de 70% da ETc, apenas na primeira, segunda e terceira fase, respectivamente; e T4, T7 e T10 com lâminas de 55% da ETc, apenas na primeira, segunda e terceira fase da cultura, respectivamente. O sistema de irrigação utilizado foi gotejamento subsuperficial. Nesse trabalho foram estudados os parâmetros tecnológicos: °BRIX%, POL%, FIBRA%, PZA%, PCC e ATR; os parâmetros morfológicos: número de folhas verdes, comprimento, largura da folha +3, diâmetro e número de colmos, altura da planta, e os efeitos dos tratamentos no teor de água ...
For growing crops such as cane sugar, in the semiarid region, drip irrigation should be valued between producers, since it meets the need of culture and avoids waste, mainly due to this culture present high water demand, ranging 1500-2500 mm. In this sense, the objective with this study was to evaluate the effect of water deficits at different stages of culture, biometrics, productivity and technological quality of sugar cane plant and water distribution in the soil of the Lower-middle São Francisco region profile. This experiment was conducted in an experimental field of cane sugar at Farm São Jorge, belonging to the company AGROVALE, in Juazeiro-BA. The variety used was VAT 90212. The experimental design was a randomized complete block with ten treatments and three replications. The treatments dealing is the reduction of irrigation at different stages of crop development (1-164, 164-224, 224-284 and 284-344 days after planting corresponding, respectively, Phases I, II and III of crop cycle), as follows: T1 to witness, with full irrigation (100% of crop evapotranspiration (ETc)) throughout the cycle; T2, T5 and T8 with blades 85% of ETc, only the first, second and third phase, respectively; T3, T6 and T9 with blades 70% of ETc, only the first, second and third phase, respectively; and T4, T7 and T10 blades with 55% of ETc, only the first, second and third phase of the culture, respectively. The irrigation system was used subsurface drip. In this paper the technological parameters were studied:% ° BRIX, POL% FIBER%, PZA%, PCC and ATR; morphological parameters: number of green leaves, length, leaf width +3, diameter and number of stems, plant height, and the effects of treatments on soil water content up to a meter deep during the cultivation cycle. As a general conclusion it can be said that for all treatments, the irrigation ...
For growing crops such as cane sugar, in the semiarid region, drip irrigation should be valued between producers, since it meets the need of culture and avoids waste, mainly due to this culture present high water demand, ranging 1500-2500 mm. In this sense, the objective with this study was to evaluate the effect of water deficits at different stages of culture, biometrics, productivity and technological quality of sugar cane plant and water distribution in the soil of the Lower-middle São Francisco region profile. This experiment was conducted in an experimental field of cane sugar at Farm São Jorge, belonging to the company AGROVALE, in Juazeiro-BA. The variety used was VAT 90212. The experimental design was a randomized complete block with ten treatments and three replications. The treatments dealing is the reduction of irrigation at different stages of crop development (1-164, 164-224, 224-284 and 284-344 days after planting corresponding, respectively, Phases I, II and III of crop cycle), as follows: T1 to witness, with full irrigation (100% of crop evapotranspiration (ETc)) throughout the cycle; T2, T5 and T8 with blades 85% of ETc, only the first, second and third phase, respectively; T3, T6 and T9 with blades 70% of ETc, only the first, second and third phase, respectively; and T4, T7 and T10 blades with 55% of ETc, only the first, second and third phase of the culture, respectively. The irrigation system was used subsurface drip. In this paper the technological parameters were studied:% ° BRIX, POL% FIBER%, PZA%, PCC and ATR; morphological parameters: number of green leaves, length, leaf width +3, diameter and number of stems, plant height, and the effects of treatments on soil water content up to a meter deep during the cultivation cycle. As a general conclusion it can be said that for all treatments, the irrigation ...
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Cana-de-açúcar - Irrigação, Evapotranspiração, Solos aridos, Irrigação por gotejamento, Sugar-cane
Como citar
PINHEIRO, Mírian Paula Medeiros André. Cana-de-açúcar: respostas da planta e do solo a diferentes níveis de irrigação no semiárido nordestino. 2014. x , 81 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho , Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas de Botucatu, 2014.