O homem e o desenvolvimento humano nos discursos de Aristóteles e John Dewey
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Data
2014-08-14
Autores
Andrade, Erika Natacha Fernandes de [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O movimento de revisão da teoria aristotélica desencadeado no século XX afastou Aristóteles de interpretações teológicas até então hegemônicas, permitindoo surgimento de investigações que relacionam a sua filosofia com as ideias de pensadores que o sucederam, como é o caso de John Dewey. Considerando que esse tema ainda requer aprofundamentos, em especial quanto às bases psicológicas que sustentam os dois filósofos, o presente trabalho focaliza o conceito de homem e de desenvolvimento humano nos discursos de Aristóteles e Dewey. Esta investigação utiliza a análise retórica oriunda de Chaïm Perelman, buscando compreender as estratégias argumentativas utilizadas pelos dois autores (definidos como oradores) para persuadir seus leitores (definidos como auditório).Foram examinados os escritos da maturidade de Aristóteles e vários textos de Dewey, a maioria deles elaborados durante o período em que o autor trabalhou em Chicago e Columbia. Os resultados da pesquisa estão organizados em quatro capítulos, sendo o primeiro deles referente às definições aristotélica e deweyana de ser humano; a análise utiliza o conceito de dissociação de noções. O segundo capítulo discorre sobre o processo de formação e desenvolvimento do homem, utilizando para isso a conceituação de metáfora. O terceiro discute o contexto propício à formação e ao desenvolvimento humano, recorrendo à noção de filosofia prática. O último capítulo apresenta a linguagem e os acordos linguísticos como fatores causais da definição de homem e da promoção do desenvolvimento humano. Todos os capítulos discutem a relação entre discurso e auditório em cada um dos filósofos. A conclusão defende que as semelhanças entre Aristóteles e Dewey são mais significativas do que as suas diferenças, especialmente porque ambos adotam concepções contrárias ao transcendentalismo, o que fica evidente em suas teorizações sobre a linguagem ...
The movement to reviewthe Aristotelian theory unleashed in the 20th centurydeviated Aristotle from theological interpretations hitherto hegemonic, allowing the emergenceof investigations that relate his philosophy to the ideas of thinkers who emerged after him, such as John Dewey.Considering that this subject still requires deepening, especially regardingthepsychological foundations that underlie the two philosophers, this paper focuses on the concept of man and human development in the speeches of Aristotle and Dewey. This research uses the rhetorical analysis from ChaïmPerelman, seekingto understand the argumentative strategies used by the two authors (defined as speakers) to persuade their readers (defined asauditorium).Writings of Aristotle’smaturity and several texts from Dewey were examined, most of them developed during the period in which the author worked in Chicago and Columbia. The results from this investigation are organized into four chapters, the first one referring to the Aristotelian and Deweyan definitions of being human; the analysis uses the concept of dissociation of notions. The second chapter talks aboutthe process of formation and development of man, using the conceptof metaphorin order to do it.The third chapter discusses the appropriate context to the human development and formation, usingthe concept of practical philosophy. The final chapter presents the language and linguistic arrangements as causesofthe definition of man and promotion of human development. All chapters discuss the relationship between speech and audience in each of the philosophers.Theconclusion argues that the similarities between Aristotle and Dewey are more meaningful than their differences, especially because both adopt ideas contrary to the transcendentalism, which is clearin their theorizationsabout language. Finally, the paperdiscusses the relevance of this conclusion for the field of education ...
The movement to reviewthe Aristotelian theory unleashed in the 20th centurydeviated Aristotle from theological interpretations hitherto hegemonic, allowing the emergenceof investigations that relate his philosophy to the ideas of thinkers who emerged after him, such as John Dewey.Considering that this subject still requires deepening, especially regardingthepsychological foundations that underlie the two philosophers, this paper focuses on the concept of man and human development in the speeches of Aristotle and Dewey. This research uses the rhetorical analysis from ChaïmPerelman, seekingto understand the argumentative strategies used by the two authors (defined as speakers) to persuade their readers (defined asauditorium).Writings of Aristotle’smaturity and several texts from Dewey were examined, most of them developed during the period in which the author worked in Chicago and Columbia. The results from this investigation are organized into four chapters, the first one referring to the Aristotelian and Deweyan definitions of being human; the analysis uses the concept of dissociation of notions. The second chapter talks aboutthe process of formation and development of man, using the conceptof metaphorin order to do it.The third chapter discusses the appropriate context to the human development and formation, usingthe concept of practical philosophy. The final chapter presents the language and linguistic arrangements as causesofthe definition of man and promotion of human development. All chapters discuss the relationship between speech and audience in each of the philosophers.Theconclusion argues that the similarities between Aristotle and Dewey are more meaningful than their differences, especially because both adopt ideas contrary to the transcendentalism, which is clearin their theorizationsabout language. Finally, the paperdiscusses the relevance of this conclusion for the field of education ...
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Aristoteles, Dewey, John 1859-1952, Educação, Analise retorica, Education
Como citar
ANDRADE, Erika Natacha Fernandes de. O homem e o desenvolvimento humano nos discursos de Aristóteles e John Dewey. 2014. 184 f. Tese (Doutorado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Faculdade de Ciencias e Letras (Campus de Araraquara), 2014.