Aperfeiçoamento e avaliação de um novo sistema de digestão assistida por aquecimento condutivo em frasco fechado para preparar amostras de carne “in natura” para análise elementar
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Data
2016-03-04
Autores
Vieira, Alan Lima [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Estabelecer procedimentos simples, rápidos, eficientes e com preparo de amostras de baixo custo para determinar elementos em amostras de carne é um aspecto relevante para fins nutricionais e de saúde. Por esta razão, um sistema de digestão com aquecimento condutivo em frasco fechado (CHDS), foi avaliado recentemente para a decomposição de amostras “in natura” de músculo, fígado e rim (bovino, suíno e frango) visando a determinação de macronutrientes (Ca, Mg, Na, K, S e P), micronutrientes (Cu, Fe, Mn, Mo, Se e Zn) e contaminantes inorgânicos (As, Cd, Cr e Pb) por espectrometria de emissão óptica com plasma acoplado indutivamente (ICP OES) e espectrometria de massas com plasma acoplado indutivamente (ICP-MS). O aperfeiçoamento feito no CHDS foi planejado para melhorar a segurança, a praticidade e a robustez do sistema. Entre elas destaca-se a adaptação de um pistão a gás na tampa do gabinete de digestão; isolamento dos frascos no interior do gabinete de digestão; tampa de Teflon com sistema simples de alívio de pressão ao fim da decomposição sem manuseio do frasco. A precisão foi avaliada analisando três materiais de referência certificados digeridos pelo CHDS. As recuperações para Ca, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, Na, K, S, P e Zn determinados por ICP OES, variaram entre 85 a 106%. Para As, Cd, Cr, Mo, Pb e Se determinados por ICP-MS, foram obtidas recuperações entre 92 a 110%. A eficiência da digestão também foi avaliada pela determinação do teor de carbono residual, que variou de 10 a 12% m m-1. Quando as amostras de carne foram digeridas usando o CHDS, os resultados para Ca, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, Na, K, S, P e Zn determinados por ICP OES e para As, Cd, Cr, Mo, Pb e Se determinados por ICP-MS foram concordantes com aqueles obtidos após digestão ácida assistida por radiação micro-ondas em frasco fechado (MW-AD). Ao utilizar o CHDS, os limites de quantificação foram similares aos obtidos com a MW-AD para todos os analitos. O CHDS é capaz de digerir 800 mg de amostra de carne “in natura” utilizando 2 mL de HNO3 e 1 mL H2O2. O procedimento proposto foi capaz de atender a Instrução Normativa da Secretária de Defesa Agropecuária (SDA) nº 13 que trata do monitoramento de resíduos e contaminantes em carnes para As, Cd e Pb. Os resultados obtidos neste estudo estendem as aplicações do CHDS para amostras com maior teor de gordura, tais como músculo, fígado e rim. Este sistema de digestão simples e de baixo custo pode ser utilizado para preparar amostras para determinação subsequente de um grande número de elementos por espectrometria de ICP, incluindo espécies voláteis, tais como, As, Cd e Se.
Establishing simple, fast, efficient and low-cost sample preparation procedures to determine elements in meat samples is a relevant aspect for nutritional and health purposes. For this reason, the recently proposed closed-vessel conductivelyheated digestion system (CHDS) was evaluated for the decomposition of muscle, liver and kidney (cattle, pigs and chickens) samples fresh aiming for the determination of macronutrients (Ca, Mg, Na, K, S and P), micronutrients (Cu, Fe, Mn, Mo, Se and Zn) and inorganic contaminants (As, Cd, Cr and Pb) by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP OES) and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The optimization of the CHDS was planned to improve safety, practicality and robustness such as adaptation of a gas piston in the digestion cabinet cover, isolation of vessels inside the digestion cabinet and a Teflon cap with a simple pressure relief system in the end of the decomposition without handling the vessel. The accuracy was evaluated by analyzing three certified reference materials digested by the CHDS. Recoveries for Ca, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, Na, K, S, P and Zn determinations by ICP OES varied from 85 to 106%. For As, Cd, Cr, Mo, Pb and Se determinations by ICP-MS, recoveries within the 92-110% were obtained. The digestion efficiency was also evaluated by determining the residual carbon content, which varied from 10 to 12% m m-1. When fresh meat samples were digested using the CHDS, results for Ca, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, Na, K, S, P and Zn determinations by ICP OES and for As, Cd, Cr, Mo, Pb and Se determinations by ICP-MS were in agreement with those obtained after closed-vessel microwave-acid digestion (MW-AD). When using the CHDS, limits of quantification were similar to those obtained with the MW-AD for all analytes. The CHDS enabled the digestion of 800 mg of fresh meat with 2 mL of HNO3 and 1 ml of H2O2. The proposed procedure was able to attend the normative instruction of agricultural defense secretary SDA N°. 13 for As, Cd and Pb. The results obtained in this study extend the applications of the CHDS to samples with higher contents of fat such as muscle, liver and kidney. This simple and low-cost digestion system can be used to prepare samples for subsequent determination of a large number of elements by ICP spectrometry, including volatile species such as As, Cd and Se.
Establishing simple, fast, efficient and low-cost sample preparation procedures to determine elements in meat samples is a relevant aspect for nutritional and health purposes. For this reason, the recently proposed closed-vessel conductivelyheated digestion system (CHDS) was evaluated for the decomposition of muscle, liver and kidney (cattle, pigs and chickens) samples fresh aiming for the determination of macronutrients (Ca, Mg, Na, K, S and P), micronutrients (Cu, Fe, Mn, Mo, Se and Zn) and inorganic contaminants (As, Cd, Cr and Pb) by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP OES) and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The optimization of the CHDS was planned to improve safety, practicality and robustness such as adaptation of a gas piston in the digestion cabinet cover, isolation of vessels inside the digestion cabinet and a Teflon cap with a simple pressure relief system in the end of the decomposition without handling the vessel. The accuracy was evaluated by analyzing three certified reference materials digested by the CHDS. Recoveries for Ca, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, Na, K, S, P and Zn determinations by ICP OES varied from 85 to 106%. For As, Cd, Cr, Mo, Pb and Se determinations by ICP-MS, recoveries within the 92-110% were obtained. The digestion efficiency was also evaluated by determining the residual carbon content, which varied from 10 to 12% m m-1. When fresh meat samples were digested using the CHDS, results for Ca, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, Na, K, S, P and Zn determinations by ICP OES and for As, Cd, Cr, Mo, Pb and Se determinations by ICP-MS were in agreement with those obtained after closed-vessel microwave-acid digestion (MW-AD). When using the CHDS, limits of quantification were similar to those obtained with the MW-AD for all analytes. The CHDS enabled the digestion of 800 mg of fresh meat with 2 mL of HNO3 and 1 ml of H2O2. The proposed procedure was able to attend the normative instruction of agricultural defense secretary SDA N°. 13 for As, Cd and Pb. The results obtained in this study extend the applications of the CHDS to samples with higher contents of fat such as muscle, liver and kidney. This simple and low-cost digestion system can be used to prepare samples for subsequent determination of a large number of elements by ICP spectrometry, including volatile species such as As, Cd and Se.
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Palavras-chave
Aquecimento condutivo em frasco fechado, CHDS, ICP OES, ICP-MS, Carne, Closed-vessel conductively heated, Meat