Centralidades segmentadas: os shopping centers da cidade de São José do Rio Preto/SP
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Data
2016-02-24
Autores
Lima, Luiz Henrique Mateus [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Passando a fazer parte das cidades brasileiras entre as décadas de 1960 e 1970, os shopping centers se tornaram comuns no país com o passar dos anos, representando uma forma de afastamento das classes que dispõem de um maior poder aquisitivo visando manter à distância os “indesejados”, ou seja, das classes que vivem de uma renda inferior e com isso não tem condições de consumir em espaços de consumo com estrutura semelhante. Esses empreendimentos cercados por muros e constantemente vigiados por seguranças treinados ou por câmeras passam a sensação de segurança que as pessoas necessitam dia a dia, e isso resulta da exclusão dos desprivilegiados, a quem eles consideram como perigosos para o convívio. Os shopping representam também, após a sua instalação, o surgimento de novas centralidades nas cidades, sendo que atraem a atenção de novos comerciantes para áreas das cidades. Porém, com o tempo eles podem representar a desvalorização dos centros tradicionais, que perdem o seu valor, bem como o surgimento espaços de consumo orientados e que orientam a segmentação social. Nesta dissertação, analisamos a centralidade gerada a partir dos cinco shopping centers – Riopreto Shopping, Praça Shopping, Plaza Avenida Shopping, Shopping Cidade Norte e Iguatemi Rio Preto – de São José do Rio Preto/SP, revelando as articulações entre as escalas geográficas no âmbito da produção do espaço urbano, assim como as lógicas locacionais que orientam a implantação desses empreendimentos em cidades médias, buscando identificar sua relação com o segmento socioeconômico a que se direcionam e os impactos gerados inclusive na escala intraurbana. Com o primeiro shopping center sendo inaugurado em 1988, esse modelo de empreendimento impulsionou, em São José do Rio Preto, o desenvolvimento de novas centralidades na cidade, atraindo para o seu interior, consumidores não só locais, mas também oriundos de outras cidades inclusive de estados vizinhos a São Paulo.
Becoming part of Brazilian cities between the 1960s and 1970s, the shopping malls have become common in the country over the years, representing a form of removal of the classes that have a higher purchasing power to maintain the distance the "unwanted ", or that is, the classes living in a lower income and thus can not afford to consume in consumer spaces with similar structure. These developments surrounded by walls and watched constantly by trained security guards or cameras pass the sense of security that people need every day, and that results from the exclusion of the underprivileged, whom they regard as dangerous to the living. The mall also represent, after installation, the emergence of new downtown in the cities, and attract the attention of new merchants to areas of cities. However, over time they can represent the devaluation of the traditional downtown, which lose their value as well as the emergence of consumer-oriented spaces and guiding social segmentation. In this thesis, we analyze the centrality generated from the five shopping centers - Rio Preto Shopping, Praça Shopping, Plaza Avenida Shopping, Shopping Cidade Norte and Iguatemi Rio Preto - São José do Rio Preto/SP, revealing the links between geographical scales in production of urban space, as well as locational that guide the implementation of these projects in mid-sized cities in order to identify its relationship with socioeconomic segment that target and impacts including the intra-urban scale. With the first shopping center was inaugurated in 1988, this development model boosted in São José do Rio Preto, the development of new centralities in the city, attracting to its interior, consumers not only local, but also from other cities including neighboring states to São Paulo.
Becoming part of Brazilian cities between the 1960s and 1970s, the shopping malls have become common in the country over the years, representing a form of removal of the classes that have a higher purchasing power to maintain the distance the "unwanted ", or that is, the classes living in a lower income and thus can not afford to consume in consumer spaces with similar structure. These developments surrounded by walls and watched constantly by trained security guards or cameras pass the sense of security that people need every day, and that results from the exclusion of the underprivileged, whom they regard as dangerous to the living. The mall also represent, after installation, the emergence of new downtown in the cities, and attract the attention of new merchants to areas of cities. However, over time they can represent the devaluation of the traditional downtown, which lose their value as well as the emergence of consumer-oriented spaces and guiding social segmentation. In this thesis, we analyze the centrality generated from the five shopping centers - Rio Preto Shopping, Praça Shopping, Plaza Avenida Shopping, Shopping Cidade Norte and Iguatemi Rio Preto - São José do Rio Preto/SP, revealing the links between geographical scales in production of urban space, as well as locational that guide the implementation of these projects in mid-sized cities in order to identify its relationship with socioeconomic segment that target and impacts including the intra-urban scale. With the first shopping center was inaugurated in 1988, this development model boosted in São José do Rio Preto, the development of new centralities in the city, attracting to its interior, consumers not only local, but also from other cities including neighboring states to São Paulo.
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Palavras-chave
Produção do espaço urbano, Shopping centers, Centralidade, Cidades médias, São José do Rio Preto, Production of urban space, Centrality, Mid-sized cities