História e natureza da ciência no ensino de biologia: perfil e concepções de professores em serviço e de materiais didáticos
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Data
2016-02-26
Autores
Morais, Wanderson Rodrigues [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Este trabalho tem o objetivo de identificar as concepções de História e Natureza da Ciência veiculadas no ensino de Biologia por professores em serviço e pelos materiais didáticos que se utilizam. Um levantamento realizado com as atas eletrônicas do 7º, 8º e 9º ENPEC evidenciou ausência de pesquisas com essa temática, o que mostrou a necessidade de sua realização. Assim, a investigação pôde contar com a participação de três professoras de Biologia do Ensino Médio da rede pública, com a realização de entrevistas semiestruturadas para melhor compreender suas concepções e perfis como educadoras, bem como análises do material didático que utilizam. A linha teórica para compreensão e análise dos dados é formada pelas contribuições de Pimenta (1996) e Tardif (2002) quanto ao ensino e o perfil docente e Toulmin (1977) e Gil-Pérez et al. (2001), quanto às visões de Natureza da Ciência. Por meio dos métodos empregados, a visão de História da Ciência mais presente é aquela cronológica e socialmente neutra, apresentando variações entre as professoras e os materiais em estudo. Quanto à Natureza da Ciência, por sua vez, é retratada essencialmente como aproblemática ateórica e acumulativa linear, adquirindo um aspecto empírico-indutivista entre as professoras, assumindo algumas variações por conta de suas trajetórias de vida.
This work aims to identify the conceptions of History and Nature of Science conveyed in Biology teaching for in-service teachers and teaching materials that are used. A survey of the electronic proceedings of the 7th, 8th and 9th ENPEC showed no researchs on this subject, which showed the need for its realization. Thus, the research could count on the participation of three high school biology teachers from public schools, by carrying out semi-structured interviews to better understand their views and profiles as educators, as well as analysis of the teaching materials they use. The theoretical framework for understanding and analyzing the data is formed by the contributions of Pimenta (1996) and Tardif (2002) about teaching and teacher’s profile and Toulmin (1977) and Gil-Pérez et al (2001), for the views of the Nature of Science. Through the methods employed, the most present views of History of Science is those more chronological and socially neutral, with variations between the teachers and the materials under study. As the Nature of Science in turn, is portrayed essentially as aproblematic and atheoretical, as well linear cumulative, being empirical-inductive for the teachers, with some variations due to their life histories.
This work aims to identify the conceptions of History and Nature of Science conveyed in Biology teaching for in-service teachers and teaching materials that are used. A survey of the electronic proceedings of the 7th, 8th and 9th ENPEC showed no researchs on this subject, which showed the need for its realization. Thus, the research could count on the participation of three high school biology teachers from public schools, by carrying out semi-structured interviews to better understand their views and profiles as educators, as well as analysis of the teaching materials they use. The theoretical framework for understanding and analyzing the data is formed by the contributions of Pimenta (1996) and Tardif (2002) about teaching and teacher’s profile and Toulmin (1977) and Gil-Pérez et al (2001), for the views of the Nature of Science. Through the methods employed, the most present views of History of Science is those more chronological and socially neutral, with variations between the teachers and the materials under study. As the Nature of Science in turn, is portrayed essentially as aproblematic and atheoretical, as well linear cumulative, being empirical-inductive for the teachers, with some variations due to their life histories.
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Palavras-chave
História da ciência, Natureza da Ciência, Livro didático, History of Science, Nature of Science, Textbook