Potencial biotecnológico de um metagenoma de solo sob cultivo de cana-de-açúcar com vistas na degradação da biomassa vegetal
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Data
2016-07-13
Autores
Camargo, Andre Ferreira de [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Indústrias e governos buscam pela obtenção de biocombustível celulósico, entretanto a desconstrução do arranjo lignocelulósico para obtenção de açúcares livres de forma eficiente e economicamente viável ainda é um grande desafio. Avanços conquistados através da metagenômica ressaltam sua aplicação como alternativa para compreender e desvendar o grande potencial metabólico presente nos ambientes a fim de superar tais desafios. Contudo, ainda são poucos os trabalhos voltados à cana-de-açúcar. O solo trata-se da maior fonte microbiana de todo o planeta, sendo essa biodiversidade ainda desconhecida, esta comunidade microbiana fornece um ponto de partida para a exploração de novas enzimas responsáveis para a degradação de biomassa vegetal. Este trabalho buscou acessar o panorama do perfil taxonômico e funcional do metagenoma da comunidade microbiana presente em solo sob cultivo de cana-de-açúcar contendo palhada sobre o mesmo, possuindo como foco enzimas envolvidas na hidrólise de materiais lignocelulóscicos. Os dados encontrados demonstraram uma variedade de famílias enzimáticas envolvidas na degradação do complexo lignocelulósico. Verificou-se a presença de 27 famílias de Glycoside Hydrolases (GH), 21 famílias de Carbohydrate-Binding Module (CBM), 11 famílias de Carbohydrate Esterases (CE) e 4 famílias de Auxiliary Activities (AA). Os filos mais abundantes neste ambiente foram Proteobacteria e Actinobacteria, possuindo o último reconhecida importância industrial dadas suas enzimas com resistências a variações de pH e temperatura. Tal comunidade microbiana apresentou um grande potencial como fonte de enzimas promissoras para a pesquisa na construção de coquetéis enzimáticos voltados à degradação do material lignocelulósico para obtenção otimizada do etanol celulósico.
Industries and governments seek for obtaining cellulosic biofuel, but the deconstruction of lignocellulosic arrangement to obtain free sugars efficiently and economically viable is still a big challenge. Advances made by metagenomics emphasize their application as an alternative to understand and unravel the great metabolic potential present in the environment in order to overcome such challenges. However, there are few studies related to sugarcane. The soil is the largest source of microbial whole planet, and its biodiversity still unknown, this microbial community provides a starting point for the exploration of new enzymes responsible for the degradation of plant biomass. This study aimed to access the overview of taxonomic and functional profile of the metagenome of soil under sugarcane cultivation containing straw on it, having focused on enzymes involved in the hydrolysis of lignocellulosic materials. The soil metagenome under sugarcane cultivation showed a variety of enzyme families involved in the degradation of the lignocellulosic complex. The presence of 27 Glycoside Hydrolases (GH) families, 21 Carbohydrate-Binding Module (CBM) families, 11 Carbohydrate Esterases (CE) families and 4 Auxiliary Activities (AA) families has been verified. Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria were the abundest phyla in this environment, which the last has recognized industrial importance given their enzymes with resistence to changes in pH and temperature. Such microbial community showed great potential as a source of promising enzymes for research regarding the construction of enzyme cocktails facing degradation of lignocellulosic material to reach the optimized cellulosic etanol production.
Industries and governments seek for obtaining cellulosic biofuel, but the deconstruction of lignocellulosic arrangement to obtain free sugars efficiently and economically viable is still a big challenge. Advances made by metagenomics emphasize their application as an alternative to understand and unravel the great metabolic potential present in the environment in order to overcome such challenges. However, there are few studies related to sugarcane. The soil is the largest source of microbial whole planet, and its biodiversity still unknown, this microbial community provides a starting point for the exploration of new enzymes responsible for the degradation of plant biomass. This study aimed to access the overview of taxonomic and functional profile of the metagenome of soil under sugarcane cultivation containing straw on it, having focused on enzymes involved in the hydrolysis of lignocellulosic materials. The soil metagenome under sugarcane cultivation showed a variety of enzyme families involved in the degradation of the lignocellulosic complex. The presence of 27 Glycoside Hydrolases (GH) families, 21 Carbohydrate-Binding Module (CBM) families, 11 Carbohydrate Esterases (CE) families and 4 Auxiliary Activities (AA) families has been verified. Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria were the abundest phyla in this environment, which the last has recognized industrial importance given their enzymes with resistence to changes in pH and temperature. Such microbial community showed great potential as a source of promising enzymes for research regarding the construction of enzyme cocktails facing degradation of lignocellulosic material to reach the optimized cellulosic etanol production.
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Palavras-chave
2G ethanol, Glicosil hidrolases, Celulases, Hemicelulases, Metagenômica, Etanol 2G, Glycosyl hydrolases, Cellulases, Hemicellulases, Metagenomic