Processo integrado de produção de enzimas fibrolíticas, açúcares fermentescíveis e cogumelos comestíveis utilizando resíduos agroindustriais
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Data
2016-06-30
Autores
Silva, Douglas Fernandes da [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Atualmente os resíduos lignocelulósicos, principalmente os agroindustriais estão sendo visados para a utilização em processos biotecnológicos. Os resíduos, se convenientemente hidrolisados, transformam-se em carboidratos que podem ser usados para diversos fins, tais como: produção de biomassa microbiana, açúcares fermentescíveis, bioenergia e compostos de alto valor agregado tais como enzimas. As enzimas do complexo fibrolítico estão entre as enzimas mais promissoras para a bioconversão e aproveitamento destes resíduos. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi utilizar um bioprocesso integrado utilizando-se diferentes resíduos, bioprocessos e micro-organismos, que combinados pudessem viabilizar a produção dos compostos mencionados. Dentre os resíduos foram estudados o bagaço de cana-de-açúcar, bagaço de laranja (polpa cítrica), torta de algodão, farelo de soja e outros com e sem pré-tratamento. Dentre os pré-tratamentos utilizados estão pré-tratamentos térmicos com ácido ou base. Também foram avaliados pré-tratamentos biológicos dos resíduos pelo cultivo de fungos filamentosos e unicelulares para produção enzimática. Tais substratos foram cultivados por fungos filamentosos com destaque para o Trichoderma reesei para a produção de enzimas fibrolíticas. Desta forma procurou-se integrar estes processos visando à produção de açúcares fermentescíveis. Como produtos secundários foram obtidos biomassa proteica (cogumelos comestíveis) e resíduo proteico que podem ser estudados para a alimentação animal. Para tanto, o trabalho foi dividido em 3 capítulos que foram executados simultaneamente.
Currently the lignocellulosic residues, particularly the agroindustrial wastes are being targeted for use in biotechnological processes. If the waste is conveniently hydrolysed their carbohidrates can be used for various purposes such as production of microbial biomass, fermentable sugars, bioenergy and high-value compounds such as enzymes. The enzymes of fibrolytic complex are among the most promising enzymes for bioconversion of these wastes. The aim of this study was to use an integrated bioprocess using different waste, bioprocesses and micro-organisms that they combined could be enable the production of these compounds. Among the wastes were studied the sugarcane bagasse, orange peel (citrus pulp), cottonseed meal, soybean meal and others with and without pre-treatment. Among the used pre-treatments are thermal pretreatments with acid or base. Biological pre-treatments of these wastes also were evaluated by the cultivation of unicellular and filamentous fungi for obtaining pretreated residues. Such substrates were cultured by other fungy such as Trichoderma reesei for fibrolytic enzyme production. In this way the integration of these processes was performed for the production of fermentable sugars. As by-products were obtained protein biomass (edible mushrooms) and protein residue that can be studied for animal feed. Therefore, the work was divided into three chapters, which were done simultaneously.
Currently the lignocellulosic residues, particularly the agroindustrial wastes are being targeted for use in biotechnological processes. If the waste is conveniently hydrolysed their carbohidrates can be used for various purposes such as production of microbial biomass, fermentable sugars, bioenergy and high-value compounds such as enzymes. The enzymes of fibrolytic complex are among the most promising enzymes for bioconversion of these wastes. The aim of this study was to use an integrated bioprocess using different waste, bioprocesses and micro-organisms that they combined could be enable the production of these compounds. Among the wastes were studied the sugarcane bagasse, orange peel (citrus pulp), cottonseed meal, soybean meal and others with and without pre-treatment. Among the used pre-treatments are thermal pretreatments with acid or base. Biological pre-treatments of these wastes also were evaluated by the cultivation of unicellular and filamentous fungi for obtaining pretreated residues. Such substrates were cultured by other fungy such as Trichoderma reesei for fibrolytic enzyme production. In this way the integration of these processes was performed for the production of fermentable sugars. As by-products were obtained protein biomass (edible mushrooms) and protein residue that can be studied for animal feed. Therefore, the work was divided into three chapters, which were done simultaneously.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Resíduos lignocelulósicos, Enzimas do complexo fibrolítico, Trichoderma reesei, Pré-tratamento, Sacarificação, Pleurotus ostreatus, Lignocellulosic residues, Enzymes of the fibrolytic complex, Pretreatment, Saccharification