Assembleia de aves no meio urbano e suas relações com áreas verdes
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Data
2016-08-05
Autores
Moraes, Aline Ferraz Gringo [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A urbanização altera a composição e a diversidade das comunidades bióticas, por esse motivo pesquisas ecológicas têm sido realizadas nas cidades com o objetivo de reconhecer seus impactos. As aves, consideradas bioindicadores, têm sido intensamente estudadas em áreas urbanas. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a riqueza e a abundância da avifauna na área urbana de Bauru (SP), bem como verificar como diferentes coberturas vegetais podem interferir na comunidade de aves. A avifauna foi amostrada entre dezembro de 2014 e novembro de 2015 em quatro áreas, sendo três condomínios residenciais e um campus universitário. As observações ocorreram mensalmente em cada uma das áreas, sendo uma hora no período matutino e uma hora no período vespertino. O método utilizado foi o transecto linear com duração de 60 minutos, totalizando 96 horas de observação. Em todas as áreas foi realizada a caracterização da cobertura vegetal arbórea como número de espécies e de indivíduos utilizando amostras de vegetação paralelas aos transectos. Foi observado que a riqueza de aves aumentou com a riqueza da vegetação. Além disso, as áreas mais urbanizadas e com menor diversidade vegetal estiveram relacionadas com alta abundancia e poucas espécies de aves. Sugerindo que uma maior riqueza da cobertura arbórea, mesmo em áreas centrais das cidades, pode auxiliar na presença da avifauna.
Urbanization alters the composition and diversity of biotic community, therefore ecological research has been conducted in the cities in order to recognize its impacts. The birds, considered bioindicators, have been intensively studied in urban areas. The objective of this study was to evaluate the richness and abundance of avifauna in the urban area of Bauru, state of São Paulo (SP), Brazil, as well as verify how different vegetation covers may interfere with the bird community. The avifauna was sampled between December 2014 and November 2015 in four areas: three residential condominiums and a university campus. The observations were monthly held in each of the areas, one hour in the morning and one hour in the afternoon. The method used was linear transect with a duration of 60 minutes, totaling 96 hours of observation. In all areas, it was carried out the characterization of arboreal vegetation cover, as for the number of species and individuals, using parallel vegetation samples to transects. It was observed that the richness of birds increased with the richness of vegetation. In addition, more urbanized areas and with less plant diversity were related to high abundance and a few species of birds. Suggesting that the richness of arboreal covering, even in central areas of cities, may assist in the presence of avifauna.
Urbanization alters the composition and diversity of biotic community, therefore ecological research has been conducted in the cities in order to recognize its impacts. The birds, considered bioindicators, have been intensively studied in urban areas. The objective of this study was to evaluate the richness and abundance of avifauna in the urban area of Bauru, state of São Paulo (SP), Brazil, as well as verify how different vegetation covers may interfere with the bird community. The avifauna was sampled between December 2014 and November 2015 in four areas: three residential condominiums and a university campus. The observations were monthly held in each of the areas, one hour in the morning and one hour in the afternoon. The method used was linear transect with a duration of 60 minutes, totaling 96 hours of observation. In all areas, it was carried out the characterization of arboreal vegetation cover, as for the number of species and individuals, using parallel vegetation samples to transects. It was observed that the richness of birds increased with the richness of vegetation. In addition, more urbanized areas and with less plant diversity were related to high abundance and a few species of birds. Suggesting that the richness of arboreal covering, even in central areas of cities, may assist in the presence of avifauna.
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Palavras-chave
Avifauna urbana, Ecossistema urbano, Ecologia de aves, Arborização urbana, Urban avifauna, Urban ecosystem, Ecology of birds, Urban arborization