Avaliação microbiológica da água consumida numa área rural de Ilha Solteira, estado de São Paulo
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Data
2016-08-04
Autores
Fialho, Joziane Martins [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A água é elemento indispensável à vida de qualquer ser vivo. Portanto, a sua qualidade é tão fundamental quanto a sua disponibilidade. A qualidade da água em áreas rurais é de difícil conhecimento devido, em alguns casos à não ligação à rede de abastecimento municipal. Assim o monitoramento e controle da qualidade da água, principalmente em relação ao parâmetro microbiológico, torna-se inexistente. Dessa forma, a água para consumo humano e de dessedentação do gado leiteiro de dezoito propriedades rurais de Ilha Solteira foram avaliadas, em relação aos Coliformes Totais e Termotolerantes (Escherichia coli), entre janeiro e setembro de 2015, sendo parte das águas oriundas de poços e não recebe nenhum tratamento, enquanto, a outra parte é proveniente de poços, porém, recebe tratamento pelo sistema de abastecimento público antes de chegar aos domicílios rurais. Os parâmetros analisados foram comparados com a Portaria nº 2.914 de dezembro de 2011 do Ministério da Saúde para consumo humano e com a Resolução CONAMA nº 357 de março de 2005 para o consumo animal. Os parâmetros físicos e químicos como Turbidez; pH e Condutividade Elétrica também foram analisados. Os resultados obtidos de coliformes totais em água de consumo humano oscilaram entre 3,0 a 240 NMP/100 mL. Os termotolerantes foram identificados em 39% das propriedades e a variação foi de 3,0 a 23 NMP/100 mL, sendo que a Escherichia coli Enteroinvasora foi confirmada nos mesmos locais. A turbidez variou entre 0 a 16,0 UT; pH entre 5,1 a 8,6 e a condutividade elétrica entre 19,7 a 303,0 µS.cm-1. Nas águas destinadas ao gado foram detectados coliformes termotolerantes em 83% das propriedades e a Escherichia coli Enteroinvasora foi diagnosticada em 84% das análises positivas para tais bactérias. Pelos resultados apresentados, 100% da água para consumo humano analisada está fora dos padrões de potabilidade. Na água destinada aos animais, algumas propriedades apresentaram discordância apenas para o pH, o qual esteve abaixo do estabelecido.
Water is essential to the life of any living being. Therefore, its quality is so fundamental as to their availability. The quality of water in rural areas is difficult to know because, in some cases the non-connection to the network of municipal water supplies. So the monitoring and control of water quality, especially in relation to the microbiological parameter becomes nonexistent. In this way, the water for human consumption and for dessedentação of dairy cattle 18 rural properties of Ilha Solteira were evaluated in relation to the total coliforms and thermotolerant (Escherichia coli), between January and September 2015, being part of the water from wells and does not receive any treatment, while the other part is from wells, however, is treated by the system of public supply, before reaching the rural households. The parameters analyzed were compared with the Decree no. 2,914 in December 2011 of the Ministry of Health for human consumption and with the CONAMA Resolution No 357 of March 2005 for animal consumption. The physical and chemical parameters such as turbidity, pH and electrical conductivity were also analyzed. The results of total coliforms in water for human consumption ranged from 3.0 to 240 MPN/100 mL. The thermotolerant were identified in 39% of the properties and the variation was 3.0 to 23 MPN/100 mL, being that the Enteroinvasive Escherichia coli was confirmed in the same locations. The turbidity ranged from 0 to 16.0 Nm; pH between 5.1 to 8.6 and the electrical conductivity between 19.7 to 303.0 µS.cm-1. In water intended for cattle were detected thermotolerant coliforms in 83% of the properties and Enteroinvasive Escherichia coli was diagnosed in 84% of the tests positive for these bacteria. he results presented, 100% of the water for human consumption analyzed is outside the standards of potability. In drinking water for animals, some properties had disagreement only for the pH, which was below the established.
Water is essential to the life of any living being. Therefore, its quality is so fundamental as to their availability. The quality of water in rural areas is difficult to know because, in some cases the non-connection to the network of municipal water supplies. So the monitoring and control of water quality, especially in relation to the microbiological parameter becomes nonexistent. In this way, the water for human consumption and for dessedentação of dairy cattle 18 rural properties of Ilha Solteira were evaluated in relation to the total coliforms and thermotolerant (Escherichia coli), between January and September 2015, being part of the water from wells and does not receive any treatment, while the other part is from wells, however, is treated by the system of public supply, before reaching the rural households. The parameters analyzed were compared with the Decree no. 2,914 in December 2011 of the Ministry of Health for human consumption and with the CONAMA Resolution No 357 of March 2005 for animal consumption. The physical and chemical parameters such as turbidity, pH and electrical conductivity were also analyzed. The results of total coliforms in water for human consumption ranged from 3.0 to 240 MPN/100 mL. The thermotolerant were identified in 39% of the properties and the variation was 3.0 to 23 MPN/100 mL, being that the Enteroinvasive Escherichia coli was confirmed in the same locations. The turbidity ranged from 0 to 16.0 Nm; pH between 5.1 to 8.6 and the electrical conductivity between 19.7 to 303.0 µS.cm-1. In water intended for cattle were detected thermotolerant coliforms in 83% of the properties and Enteroinvasive Escherichia coli was diagnosed in 84% of the tests positive for these bacteria. he results presented, 100% of the water for human consumption analyzed is outside the standards of potability. In drinking water for animals, some properties had disagreement only for the pH, which was below the established.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Água, Consumo Humano, Dessedentação do gado leiteiro, Turbidez, pH, Condutividade Elétrica, Coliformes Totais, Coliformes Termotolerantes, Escherichia coli