Remodelação óssea do fêmur de ratas submetidas ao consumo de álcool e/ou à deficiência de estrógeno: análise imunoistoquímica e histomorfométrica
Carregando...
Arquivos
Data
2016-11-09
Autores
Salgado, Miriane Carneiro Machado [UNESP]
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O consumo excessivo de álcool constitui importante problema de saúde pública e possui ainda relação direta com a perda óssea mediante desequilíbrio da remodelação óssea, diminuição das taxas de reabsorção e também da osteogênese. A deficiência estrogênica também está diretamente associada à osteoporose, pois leva ao aumento da formação de osteoclastos e diminuição da síntese de osteoblastos, gerando um desequilíbrio no processo de remodelação óssea. A combinação de osteoporose e consumo de álcool pode ter efeito sinérgico e deletério sobre o tecido ósseo e tem sido objeto de estudos. O objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar possíveis alterações no metabolismo ósseo em fêmures de ratas submetidas ao alcoolismo crônico e deficiência estrogênica induzida por ovariectomia, por meio de análise histomorfométrica e imunoistoquímica. Foram utilizadas 90 ratas (Rattus norvegicus, variação albinus, Wistar) com 3 meses de idade, divididas em 6 diferentes grupos de igual número (15), conforme o tipo de dieta e quanto à presença ou ausência hormonal: Grupo 1: ovariectomia simulada (Sham), água e dieta livre; Grupo 2: Sham tratado com doses diárias de solução alcoólica a 20%; Grupo 3: Sham e alimentação isocalórica aos grupos associados ao álcool, fornecida por meio de solução aquosa de sacarose e dieta sólida; Grupo 4: ovariectomia, água e dieta sólida livre; Grupo 5: ovariectomia tratado com doses diárias de solução alcoólica a 20%; Grupo 6: ovariectomia e alimentação isocalórica semelhante ao grupo 3. Após 8 semanas do início da dieta, fez-se a eutanásia de todos os animais, e os fêmures foram removidos. A análise da dieta mostrou que o grupo Ovz dieta livre foi o que mais ganhou peso e o que mais ingeriu ração, apresentando diferenças significativas com relação aos demais grupos. Os animais dos grupos álcool consumiram em média 16 gramas de álcool por dia, sendo que o Sham álcool consumiu mais álcool, quando comparado ao Ovz álcool. Através da histomorfometria foi observado que os animais ovariectomizados apresentaram menor quantidade de osso trabecular em porcentagem, do que os sham operados, porém, sem diferença significativa. Os marcadores da remodelação óssea, RANKL, Osteoprotegerina e Osteocalcina, utilizados nas reações imunoistoquímicas, não mostraram alterações significativas no processo de remodelação óssea. Concluiu-se que ratas adultas jovens, esqueletalmente imaturas, submetidas ao alcoolismo crônico moderado, à remoção dos ovários ou à associação de ambos, mantêm as características de remodelação óssea cortical e trabecular do fêmur preservadas.
Excessive alcohol consumption is an important public health problem and also has direct relation with bone loss by imbalancing bone turnover. Estrogen deficiency is directly associated with osteoporosis, because it leads to an unequal bone resorption and formation by increased osteoclast formation and decreased synthesis of osteoblasts. The combination of osteoporosis and consumption of alcohol can have deleterious and synergistic effect on bone tissue and has been the subject of several studies. The objective of this study will be to investigate possible changes in bone metabolism in femurs of rats submitted to chronic alcoholism and estrogen deficiency induced by ovariectomy. We used 90 rats (Rattus norvegicus, Albinus variation, Wistar) with 3 months old. The animals were divided into six different groups of equal number, according to the type of diet and the presence or absence of hormones: Group 1: sham ovariectomized (sham), water and free diet, Group 2: Sham treated daily with alcoholic solution of 20% and feed ad libitum; Group 3: Sham isocaloric nutritional control group – treated with liquid diet containing sucrose with the same average calories ingested on the eve by the alcohol group and solid diet; Group 4: ovariectomy, water and solid diet free; Group 5: ovariectomy treated daily with alcoholic solution of 20% and feed ad libitum; Group 6: ovariectomy isocaloric nutritional control group like group 3. After 8 weeks from the beginning of the diet, all animals were sacrificed and femurs were removed. Diet analysis showed that the Ovx ad libitum was the group that ingested more feed and gained more weight, showing significant differences with the other groups. The animals of alcohol groups, consuming on average 16 grams of alcohol per day, Sham alcohol group consumed more alcohol, as compared to OVZ alcohol. Femurs were evaluated by histomorphometric analysis and immunohistochemical analysis, using the markers, RANKL, Osteoprotegerin and Osteocalcin. The histomorphometric analysis evidenced that ovariectomized animals showed, in percentage, a lower amount of trabecular, than the sham operated, but without significant differences. Markers of bone turnover in immunohistochemical reactions showed no significant changes in bone remodeling process. It was concluded that the combination of estrogen deficiency and moderate chronic alcohol consumption did not cause deleterious effects on bone remodeling of the femur of young adult rats.
Excessive alcohol consumption is an important public health problem and also has direct relation with bone loss by imbalancing bone turnover. Estrogen deficiency is directly associated with osteoporosis, because it leads to an unequal bone resorption and formation by increased osteoclast formation and decreased synthesis of osteoblasts. The combination of osteoporosis and consumption of alcohol can have deleterious and synergistic effect on bone tissue and has been the subject of several studies. The objective of this study will be to investigate possible changes in bone metabolism in femurs of rats submitted to chronic alcoholism and estrogen deficiency induced by ovariectomy. We used 90 rats (Rattus norvegicus, Albinus variation, Wistar) with 3 months old. The animals were divided into six different groups of equal number, according to the type of diet and the presence or absence of hormones: Group 1: sham ovariectomized (sham), water and free diet, Group 2: Sham treated daily with alcoholic solution of 20% and feed ad libitum; Group 3: Sham isocaloric nutritional control group – treated with liquid diet containing sucrose with the same average calories ingested on the eve by the alcohol group and solid diet; Group 4: ovariectomy, water and solid diet free; Group 5: ovariectomy treated daily with alcoholic solution of 20% and feed ad libitum; Group 6: ovariectomy isocaloric nutritional control group like group 3. After 8 weeks from the beginning of the diet, all animals were sacrificed and femurs were removed. Diet analysis showed that the Ovx ad libitum was the group that ingested more feed and gained more weight, showing significant differences with the other groups. The animals of alcohol groups, consuming on average 16 grams of alcohol per day, Sham alcohol group consumed more alcohol, as compared to OVZ alcohol. Femurs were evaluated by histomorphometric analysis and immunohistochemical analysis, using the markers, RANKL, Osteoprotegerin and Osteocalcin. The histomorphometric analysis evidenced that ovariectomized animals showed, in percentage, a lower amount of trabecular, than the sham operated, but without significant differences. Markers of bone turnover in immunohistochemical reactions showed no significant changes in bone remodeling process. It was concluded that the combination of estrogen deficiency and moderate chronic alcohol consumption did not cause deleterious effects on bone remodeling of the femur of young adult rats.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Alcoolismo, Osteoporose, Fêmur, Alcoholism, Osteoporosis, Femur