A morte voluntária na medicina e na literatura fluminense
Carregando...
Arquivos
Data
2016-12-05
Autores
Rocha, Davi Machado da [UNESP]
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A partir de meados da década 1830 e ao longo do século XIX, o problema da morte voluntária preencheu muitas páginas de diversos jornais e periódicos que circularam na cidade do Rio de Janeiro. Recorrentes suicídios de escravos, de mulheres, de comerciantes e de outros personagens da sociedade fluminense suscitaram variadas reflexões entre os intelectuais brasileiros, que tentaram explicar e combater as causas deste fenômeno que contrariava a vontade de Deus e a natureza humana. Tais reflexões serão objeto de estudo desta pesquisa, que procura examinar as formas de descrição do fenômeno da morte voluntária, de 1835 a 1895, a partir de dois discursos: o da medicina e o da literatura. Nesse período, com a criação da Faculdade de Medicina do Rio de Janeiro (1832) e o desenvolvimento de uma literatura preocupada com a educação e formação moral do público leitor, houve uma produção regular de teses médicas, notícias, crônicas e romances que denunciavam a recorrência de suicídios e tentavam demarcar as condutas e as determinações sociais que incidiam sobre esta prática, tais como a loucura, a jogatina, os desarranjos financeiros, as paixões desregradas, a incredulidade entre outras expressões dos “vícios” que passaram a “corromper” a sociedade com o advento da vida urbana e moderna. Assim, a hipótese que guiará esta pesquisa é que a medicina e a literatura, na medida em que partilhavam o interesse de construir o Brasil em termos modernos, urbanos e civilizados, descreveram a morte voluntária como um problema de ordem moral que deveria ser combatido no âmbito das paixões e costumes por meio da educação. Dessa forma, tais discursos adquiriram um caráter prescritivo da vida social fluminense, trazendo à tona os valores e sentidos construídos por essa sociedade para orientar a vida de seus membros
From the mid of 1830s and throughout the nineteenth century, the problem of voluntary death filled many pages of newspapers and periodicals circulated in the city of Rio de Janeiro. Recurring suicides of slaves, women, traders and other characters from the Rio de Janeiro society gave rise to varied reflections among Brazilian intellectuals who have tried to explain and combat the causes of this phenomenon which contradicted the will of God and human nature. Such reflections will be the subject of study of this research, which seeks to examine the ways of description of the voluntary death phenomenon, from 1835 to 1895, from two speeches: the medicine and literature. In this period, with the creation of the Faculty of Medicine of Rio de Janeiro (1832) and the development of concerned literature with moral education and training of the reading public, there is a regular production of medical theses, news, chronicles and novels they denounced the recurrence of suicides and attempted to demarcate the behaviors and social determinations that were focused on this practice, such as madness, gambling, financial breakdowns, the unruly passions, unbelief among other expressions of "vices" that became "corrupt" society with the advent of modern urban life. Thus, the hypothesis that guides this study is that the medicine and the literature to the extent that they shared interest to build Brazil in modern, urban and civilized terms described voluntary death as a moral issue that should be fought within the passions and customs through education. Thus, these speeches acquired a prescriptive character of Rio de Janeiro social life, bringing up the values and meanings constructed by the company to guide the lives of its members.
From the mid of 1830s and throughout the nineteenth century, the problem of voluntary death filled many pages of newspapers and periodicals circulated in the city of Rio de Janeiro. Recurring suicides of slaves, women, traders and other characters from the Rio de Janeiro society gave rise to varied reflections among Brazilian intellectuals who have tried to explain and combat the causes of this phenomenon which contradicted the will of God and human nature. Such reflections will be the subject of study of this research, which seeks to examine the ways of description of the voluntary death phenomenon, from 1835 to 1895, from two speeches: the medicine and literature. In this period, with the creation of the Faculty of Medicine of Rio de Janeiro (1832) and the development of concerned literature with moral education and training of the reading public, there is a regular production of medical theses, news, chronicles and novels they denounced the recurrence of suicides and attempted to demarcate the behaviors and social determinations that were focused on this practice, such as madness, gambling, financial breakdowns, the unruly passions, unbelief among other expressions of "vices" that became "corrupt" society with the advent of modern urban life. Thus, the hypothesis that guides this study is that the medicine and the literature to the extent that they shared interest to build Brazil in modern, urban and civilized terms described voluntary death as a moral issue that should be fought within the passions and customs through education. Thus, these speeches acquired a prescriptive character of Rio de Janeiro social life, bringing up the values and meanings constructed by the company to guide the lives of its members.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
História do suicídio, História da saúde, Literatura Brasileira, Medicina, Suicide history, Health history, Brazilian Literature, Medicine