Abordagem multivariada exploratória da emissão de CO2 do solo em áreas agrícolas
Carregando...
Data
2017-01-25
Autores
Brancaglioni, Vivian Aparecida [UNESP]
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
As atividades relacionadas à agricultura, silvicultura e outros usos do solo são responsáveis por cerca de um quarto das emissões antrópicas de gases do efeito estufa. Os solos estocam grandes quantidades de carbono nos ecossistemas naturais e o processo de perda de carbono do solo para a atmosfera ocorre na forma de emissão de CO2, principal gás responsável pelo efeito estufa adicional. O objetivo deste trabalho consistiu em descobrir as possíveis relações existentes entre a emissão de CO2 e atributos do solo, manejo em área agrícola e cultura cultivada, por meio da utilização de técnicas multivariadas. Para isso, considerou-se dois conjuntos de dados provenientes de experimentos conduzidos em áreas agrícolas nos estados de São Paulo e Mato Grosso do Sul, realizados em 2008 e 2013, respectivamente. O primeiro experimento foi obtido a partir de uma área comercial de cana-de-açúcar sob manejo de colheita mecanizada e o outro foi realizado em área experimental da Fazenda de Ensino, Pesquisa e Extensão – Setor de Produção Vegetal, da Faculdade de Engenharia de Ilha Solteira (FEIS/UNESP), sob manejo de plantio direto com cultivo de soja. Ambos os experimentos são relacionados à dinâmica de carbono do solo e seus atributos físico-químicos. Dessa forma, buscou-se estudar a dinâmica do carbono em solos agrícolas, podendo indicar de forma mais informativa a importância de cada atributo físico-químico do solo em razão das emissões de dióxido de carbono CO2 e/ou acúmulo de carbono, por meio das técnicas multivariadas empregadas em caráter exploratório: análise de componentes principais, análise fatorial e análise de correlação canônica. Os resultados obtidos, de maneira geral, indicaram haver maior associação da emissão de dióxido de carbono com os atributos físicos do solo, especialmente porosidade livre de água (PLA), densidade do solo (DS) e Macro (macroporosidade), em área de cana-de-açúcar; em área de cultivo direto com plantio de soja, o acúmulo de carbono apresentou relação com as mesmas propriedades físicas do solo, já a emissão de CO2 associou-se aos atributos químicos do solo, como P (Fósforo) e SB (soma de bases).
Activities related to agriculture, silviculture and other uses of the soil account for about a quarter of the anthropogenic emissions of greenhouse effect gases. Soils store large amounts of carbon in the natural ecosystems and the process of carbon loss from the soil to the atmosphere occurs in the form of CO2 emission, the main gas responsible by the additional greenhouse effect. The aim of this study is to find out the possible relationship between CO2 emission and soil attributes, management in agricultural area and cultivated culture, through the use of multivariate techniques. For this, were considered two sets of data from experiments conducted in agricultural areas in the states of São Paulo and Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil, carried out in 2008 and 2013, respectively. The first experiment was obtained from a commercial area of sugarcane under management of mechanized harvest and the other was carried out in an experimental area of the Teaching, Research and Extension Farm - Vegetal Production Sector, Faculty of Engineering of Ilha Solteira (FEIS/UNESP), under no-till management with soybean cultivation. Both experiments are related to dynamics of soil carbon and their physical-chemical attributes. Thus, we sought to study the dynamics of carbon in agricultural soils, it could indicate in a more informative way the importance of each physical-chemical attribute of the soil due to carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions and/or carbon accumulation, through multivariate techniques used in exploratory character: principal components analysis, factorial analysis and canonical correlation analysis. The results obtained, in general, indicate that there is a greater association of the emission of carbon dioxide with the physical attributes of the soil, especially free water porosity (PLA), soil density (DS) and Macro (macroporosity), in the area of sugarcane; in direct cultivation area with soybean planting, the carbon accumulation presented a relation with the same physical properties of the soil, since the CO2 emission was associated to the soil chemical attributes, such as P (Phosphorus) and SB (sum of bases).
Activities related to agriculture, silviculture and other uses of the soil account for about a quarter of the anthropogenic emissions of greenhouse effect gases. Soils store large amounts of carbon in the natural ecosystems and the process of carbon loss from the soil to the atmosphere occurs in the form of CO2 emission, the main gas responsible by the additional greenhouse effect. The aim of this study is to find out the possible relationship between CO2 emission and soil attributes, management in agricultural area and cultivated culture, through the use of multivariate techniques. For this, were considered two sets of data from experiments conducted in agricultural areas in the states of São Paulo and Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil, carried out in 2008 and 2013, respectively. The first experiment was obtained from a commercial area of sugarcane under management of mechanized harvest and the other was carried out in an experimental area of the Teaching, Research and Extension Farm - Vegetal Production Sector, Faculty of Engineering of Ilha Solteira (FEIS/UNESP), under no-till management with soybean cultivation. Both experiments are related to dynamics of soil carbon and their physical-chemical attributes. Thus, we sought to study the dynamics of carbon in agricultural soils, it could indicate in a more informative way the importance of each physical-chemical attribute of the soil due to carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions and/or carbon accumulation, through multivariate techniques used in exploratory character: principal components analysis, factorial analysis and canonical correlation analysis. The results obtained, in general, indicate that there is a greater association of the emission of carbon dioxide with the physical attributes of the soil, especially free water porosity (PLA), soil density (DS) and Macro (macroporosity), in the area of sugarcane; in direct cultivation area with soybean planting, the carbon accumulation presented a relation with the same physical properties of the soil, since the CO2 emission was associated to the soil chemical attributes, such as P (Phosphorus) and SB (sum of bases).
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Análise multivariada, Técnicas exploratórias, Emissão de CO2 do solo, Atributos físico-químicos do solo, Multivariate analysis, Exploratory techniques, Soil CO2 emission, Physical-chemical attributes of the soil