Bactérias com potencial probiótico do intestino de tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum)
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Data
2017-02-17
Autores
Kotzent, Suzana [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Os probióticos são microorganismos vivos que afetam de forma benéfica o hospedeiro ou o ambiente. Na aquicultura podem ser usados tanto na água como na ração, mas seu uso na alimentação é destacado como uma das principais medidas profiláticas. As doenças bacterianas são consideradas um dos principais entraves no crescimento da aquicultura, e assim, há a necessidade urgente no desenvolvimento de probióticos. O tambaqui Colossoma macropomum é a espécie nativa mais produzida no Brasil, e apesar de sua importância econômica, não há estudos que estabeleçam os microorganismos com potencial probiótico para esta espécie de peixe. Neste trabalho foi possível identificar e caracterizar bactérias autóctones com potencial probiótico para o tambaqui a partir de testes de: caracterização morfológica, catalase, tolerância à bile, antagonismo frente à patógenos, sensibilidade a antimicrobianos e sequenciamento do gene 16S rRNA. As cepas selecionadas foram: Enterococcus faecalis, Enterococcus hirae, Lactococcus lactis, Pediococcus pentosaceus, Staphylococcus hominis e Staphylococcus saprophyticus. Todas as cepas foram tolerantes aos ácidos biliares do tambaqui e capazes de inibir o crescimento dos patógenos Enterococcus casseliflavus, Lactococcus garvieae e Aeromonas hydrophila. Todas as cepas foram parcialmente resistentes contra sete antibióticos. Como as cepas de S. saprophyticus e E. faecalis apresentaram menores valores no teste de antagonismo e por estas bactérias serem relatadas como agentes zoonóticos, concluímos este estudo selecionando quatro potenciais cepas: E. hirae, L. lactis, P. pentosaceus, S. hominis. Este é o primeiro estudo a referir o potencial uso probiótico de cepas autóctones para o tambaqui.
Probiotics are living microorganisms that beneficially affect the host or the environment. In aquaculture it can be used in both water and feed, but its use in feed is highlighted as one of the main prophylactic measures. Bacterial diseases are considered to be one of the major obstacles to the growth of aquaculture, and thus, there is an urgent need for the development of probiotics. The tambaqui Colossoma macropomum is the most produced native species in Brazil, and despite its economic importance, there are no studies that establish the microorganisms with probiotic potential for this fish species. In this study it was possible to identify and characterize autochthones bacteria with probiotic potential for tambaqui from tests of: morphological characterization, catalase, bile tolerance, antagonism of pathogens, antimicrobial susceptibility and 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The selected strains were: Enterococcus faecalis, Enterococcus hirae, Lactococcus lactis, Pediococcus pentosaceus, Staphylococcus hominis and Staphylococcus saprophyticus. All strains were tolerant to acids bile from tambaqui and capable of inhibiting the growth of Enterococcus casseliflavus, Lactococcus garvieae and Aeromonas hydrophila pathogens. All strains were partially resistant against seven antibiotics. Since the strains of S. saprophyticus and E. faecalis presented lower values in the test of antagonism and because these bacteria were reported as zoonotic agents, we conclude this study selecting four potential strains: E. hirae, L. lactis, P. pentosaceus, S. hominis. This is the first study to mention the potential probiotic use of autochthonous strains for tambaqui.
Probiotics are living microorganisms that beneficially affect the host or the environment. In aquaculture it can be used in both water and feed, but its use in feed is highlighted as one of the main prophylactic measures. Bacterial diseases are considered to be one of the major obstacles to the growth of aquaculture, and thus, there is an urgent need for the development of probiotics. The tambaqui Colossoma macropomum is the most produced native species in Brazil, and despite its economic importance, there are no studies that establish the microorganisms with probiotic potential for this fish species. In this study it was possible to identify and characterize autochthones bacteria with probiotic potential for tambaqui from tests of: morphological characterization, catalase, bile tolerance, antagonism of pathogens, antimicrobial susceptibility and 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The selected strains were: Enterococcus faecalis, Enterococcus hirae, Lactococcus lactis, Pediococcus pentosaceus, Staphylococcus hominis and Staphylococcus saprophyticus. All strains were tolerant to acids bile from tambaqui and capable of inhibiting the growth of Enterococcus casseliflavus, Lactococcus garvieae and Aeromonas hydrophila pathogens. All strains were partially resistant against seven antibiotics. Since the strains of S. saprophyticus and E. faecalis presented lower values in the test of antagonism and because these bacteria were reported as zoonotic agents, we conclude this study selecting four potential strains: E. hirae, L. lactis, P. pentosaceus, S. hominis. This is the first study to mention the potential probiotic use of autochthonous strains for tambaqui.
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Palavras-chave
Aquicultura, Enterococcus hirae, Lactococcus lactis, Pediococcus pentosaceus, Staphylococcus hominis, Aquaculture