Os vínculos afetivos de adolescentes acolhidas: explorando diferentes contextos
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Data
2017-03-27
Autores
Romeiro, Joyce Borges [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Considerando a importância do afeto e do vínculo para o desenvolvimento emocional e, entendendo que o afeto é a capacidade do indivíduo estabelecer relações nas quais se criam vínculos, resultante da interação com o meio em que está inserido, esta pesquisa teve como objetivo estudar os vínculos afetivos nos diferentes contextos por onde o adolescente acolhido permeia, ou seja, família, abrigo, escola e grupo de amigos, buscando a compreensão de como esses vínculos são mantidos e/ou expandidos. Foram utilizados como instrumentos de coleta de dados, questionários, roteiros de entrevista e a técnica do modelo esquemático do tapete. Participaram desta pesquisa três adolescentes que estavam acolhidas em um abrigo institucional, suas mães, uma avó e uma tia materna. No contexto do abrigo, participaram a coordenadora da instituição, a psicóloga e uma auxiliar de educadora. Do contexto escolar foram entrevistadas uma vice-diretora, uma coordenadora pedagógica e uma professora coordenadora. Por se tratar de uma pesquisa qualitativa, a análise foi realizada através de estudo de caso. A adolescente Yanca manteve os vínculos afetivos com a mãe, os irmãos e os avós e com os amigos. Seus vínculos foram expandidos no contexto do abrigo e da escola. Evelyn também manteve seus vínculos com a mãe, irmão e tios. No contexto do abrigo pode expandir suas relações afetivas com funcionários e acolhidos. No contexto escolar seus vínculos foram mantidos com professores e colegas. A adolescente Elisa manteve seus vínculos no contexto familiar com a mãe e os irmãos. No contexto do abrigo teve a oportunidade de expandir seus vínculos e no contexto escolar e com o grupo de amigos, os vínculos afetivos foram mantidos. Ao final da pesquisa foi possível constatar que os vínculos afetivos familiares das adolescentes foram mantidos e novos vínculos puderam ser construídos. Por outro lado, no caso das três participantes da pesquisa, conclui-se através da análise dos dados que, em dois deles, não havia necessidade de a adolescente ser retirada da família natural e colocada no abrigo, uma vez que a família extensa poderia acolhê-las. Destaca-se a importância de treinamento dos Conselheiros Tutelares para respeitar o ECA e retirar a criança ou adolescente da família, natural ou extensa, somente em casos de extrema necessidade.
Considering the importance of affection and the bond for emotional development, and understanding that affection is the capacity of the individual to establish relationships in which bonds are created, resulting from interaction with the environment in which it is inserted, this research had the objective of studying the links Affective in the different contexts where the adolescent enters, that is, family, shelter, school and group of friends, seeking the understanding of how these bonds are maintained and / or expanded. They were used as instruments of data collection, questionnaires, interview scripts and the technique of the schematic model of the carpet. Three adolescents who were housed in an institutional shelter, their mothers, a grandmother and a maternal aunt participated in this research. In the context of the shelter, the coordinator of the institution, the psychologist and an assistant of educator participated. From the school context were interviewed a deputy director, a pedagogical coordinator and a coordinating teacher. Because it was a qualitative research, the analysis was carried out through a case study. The adolescent Yanca maintained the affective bonds with the mother, the brothers and the grandparents and with the friendly. Their ties were expanded in the context of shelter and school. Evelyn also maintained her ties to her mother, brother, and uncles. In the context of shelter you can expand your relationships with employees and caregivers. In the school context their links were maintained with teachers and colleagues. The adolescent Elisa maintained her ties in the family context with her mother and siblings. In the context of the shelter had the opportunity to expand their links and in the school context and with the group of friends, the affective bonds were maintained. At the end of the research it was possible to verify that the family affective bonds of adolescents were maintained and new links could be built. On the other hand, in the case of the three participants in the study, it was concluded from data analysis that in two of them there was no need for the adolescent to be removed from the natural family and placed in the shelter, since the extended family could host The It is important to emphasize the importance of training the Guardians Councilors to respect the ECA and to remove the child or adolescent from the family, natural or extensive, only in cases of extreme necessity.
Considering the importance of affection and the bond for emotional development, and understanding that affection is the capacity of the individual to establish relationships in which bonds are created, resulting from interaction with the environment in which it is inserted, this research had the objective of studying the links Affective in the different contexts where the adolescent enters, that is, family, shelter, school and group of friends, seeking the understanding of how these bonds are maintained and / or expanded. They were used as instruments of data collection, questionnaires, interview scripts and the technique of the schematic model of the carpet. Three adolescents who were housed in an institutional shelter, their mothers, a grandmother and a maternal aunt participated in this research. In the context of the shelter, the coordinator of the institution, the psychologist and an assistant of educator participated. From the school context were interviewed a deputy director, a pedagogical coordinator and a coordinating teacher. Because it was a qualitative research, the analysis was carried out through a case study. The adolescent Yanca maintained the affective bonds with the mother, the brothers and the grandparents and with the friendly. Their ties were expanded in the context of shelter and school. Evelyn also maintained her ties to her mother, brother, and uncles. In the context of shelter you can expand your relationships with employees and caregivers. In the school context their links were maintained with teachers and colleagues. The adolescent Elisa maintained her ties in the family context with her mother and siblings. In the context of the shelter had the opportunity to expand their links and in the school context and with the group of friends, the affective bonds were maintained. At the end of the research it was possible to verify that the family affective bonds of adolescents were maintained and new links could be built. On the other hand, in the case of the three participants in the study, it was concluded from data analysis that in two of them there was no need for the adolescent to be removed from the natural family and placed in the shelter, since the extended family could host The It is important to emphasize the importance of training the Guardians Councilors to respect the ECA and to remove the child or adolescent from the family, natural or extensive, only in cases of extreme necessity.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Adolescente, Abrigo, Vínculos afetivos