Parasitas de larvas e adultos de três espécies de anuros associados a poças temporárias e permanentes na Reserva Florestal Ducke, Amazônia Central
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Data
2017-03-02
Autores
Souza, Franciele Cristina de [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O presente estudo analisou a fauna parasitária de três espécies de anuros desde a fase larval até a adulta, Hypsiboas cinerascens, Hypsiboas geographicus e Rhinella marina da Reserva Florestal Ducke, Amazônia Central. A fauna de parasitas de anuros da região é pouco conhecida, sendo a fase larval a menos estudada. Os dados analisados durante os dois anos de coleta demonstraram que espécies parasitas diferem nas duas fases de vida dos anfíbios anuros. Foram analisados um total de 224 girinos, e 38 indivíduos adultos, em três áreas de amostragem diferentes: poças temporárias, poça permanente, e uma lagoa da reserva. Um total de 827 parasitas foi encontradonosgirinos, e 3.534 nos adultos. Nas fases larvais foram encontrados nematoidespertencentes à espécie Gyrinicola chabaudi, metacercárias de trematódeos de Diplostomídeos e protozoários do gênero Nyctotherus. Nos adultos, a riqueza parasitária foi maior: nestes foram encontrados nematoides, trematódeos, acantocéfalos, carrapatos e larvas de Diptera. As fases larvais das espécies de anuros aqui estudados, representam novos registros de hospedeiros para o nematoide Gyrinicola chabaudi, ampliando o conhecimento de sua distribuição geográfica. Com os dados obtidos, podemos compreender que a riqueza entre as duas fases de desenvolvimento dos anuros são bem distintas. Durante o processo de metamorfose até a fase adulta o animal transporta grupos de parasitas, conectando-os entre o ambiente aquático e o ambiente terrestre. Este trabalho é o primeiro, até o momento, que descreve este tipo de interação na região, contribuindo assim com o aumento de registro de novas informações sobre estudos parasitológicos na Amazônia.
The present study analyzed the parasitic fauna of three species of anurans from the larval to adult phase, Hypsiboas cinerascens, Hypsiboas geographicus, and Rhinella marina of the Ducke Forest Reserve, Central Amazonia. The anurans parasitic’ fauna of the region is little known, being the larval stage less studied. The data analyzed during two years of collection showed that parasite species differ in two life stages of anuran amphibians.A total of 224 tadpoles, and 38 adult individuals, were analyzed in three different sampling areas, temporary pools, permanent pond, and one reserve pond. A total of 827 parasites were found in tadpoles, and 3,534 in adults. In the larval stages nematodes belonging to the species Gyrinicola chabaudi, metacercariae of trematodes of the family Diplostomidae, and protozoa of the genus Nyctotherus sp. In adults, parasite diversity was higher: in these were found nematodes, trematodes, acantocephalus, ticks, and larvae of Diptera. Larval phases of the anuran species studied here represent new host register for the Gyrinicola chabaudi nematode, increasing the knowledge of its geographical distribution.With obtained data we can understand that diversity and richness between the two stages of anuran development are very different. During the process of metamorphosis to adulthood the animal carries groups of parasites, connecting them between the aquatic environment and terrestrial environment. This work is the first, to date, which describes this type of interaction in the region, thus contributing to the increase in the registration of new information on parasitological studies in the Amazon.
The present study analyzed the parasitic fauna of three species of anurans from the larval to adult phase, Hypsiboas cinerascens, Hypsiboas geographicus, and Rhinella marina of the Ducke Forest Reserve, Central Amazonia. The anurans parasitic’ fauna of the region is little known, being the larval stage less studied. The data analyzed during two years of collection showed that parasite species differ in two life stages of anuran amphibians.A total of 224 tadpoles, and 38 adult individuals, were analyzed in three different sampling areas, temporary pools, permanent pond, and one reserve pond. A total of 827 parasites were found in tadpoles, and 3,534 in adults. In the larval stages nematodes belonging to the species Gyrinicola chabaudi, metacercariae of trematodes of the family Diplostomidae, and protozoa of the genus Nyctotherus sp. In adults, parasite diversity was higher: in these were found nematodes, trematodes, acantocephalus, ticks, and larvae of Diptera. Larval phases of the anuran species studied here represent new host register for the Gyrinicola chabaudi nematode, increasing the knowledge of its geographical distribution.With obtained data we can understand that diversity and richness between the two stages of anuran development are very different. During the process of metamorphosis to adulthood the animal carries groups of parasites, connecting them between the aquatic environment and terrestrial environment. This work is the first, to date, which describes this type of interaction in the region, thus contributing to the increase in the registration of new information on parasitological studies in the Amazon.
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Hypsiboas, Gyrinicola chabaudi, Tadpoles, Amazônia central, Rhinella marina