Análise comparativa da gestão de resíduos sólidos em municípios de pequeno porte: estudo de caso
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Data
2017-03-06
Autores
Oliveira, Jamile Priscila Saccá de [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A Gestão de Resíduos Sólidos Urbanos compõe um dos principais itens para garantia de proteção ambiental. O objetivo principal da presente pesquisa é elaborar um estudo que analise a qualidade na gestão de resíduos sólidos em municípios de pequeno porte, abrangendo um estudo de caso para os municípios de Fernão e Gália, Estado de São Paulo. O presente trabalho foi baseado na pesquisa metodológica e empírica. Avaliando os dados obtidos, em relação ao diagnóstico socioeconômico e ao Programa Município Verde e Azul, conclui-se que os melhores resultados foram destacados pelo município de Fernão, considerando principalmente a disponibilidade de recursos e maior número de certificações. Quanto ao Índice de Qualidade de Gestão de Resíduos (IQR), ambos os municípios apresentaram valores compatíveis com a legislação vigente. Ressalta-se que o município de Fernão, na maioria do período analisado, esteve próximo do limite superior de qualidade. Considerando os Planos Municipais de Gestão Integrada de Resíduos Sólidos e os Planos Municipais de Saneamento Básico, verifica-se que em ambos os municípios há defasagem de conteúdo, não atendendo as exigências legais. Quanto à infraestrutura dos municípios, em ambos os casos as maiores dificuldades ou problemas estão relacionadas à participação da comunidade nas ações de gestão, a carência de recursos e a falta de aplicação da lei, por meio de fiscalizações. O IQG e IGR expõem que os municípios apresentaram um valor próximo do limite superior, destacando melhores resultados ao município de Gália. Por fim, nota-se que a participação do gestor municipal nas decisões do gestor de resíduos admite ao município melhores desempenhos nos programas governamentais. A capacitação do gestor de resíduos garante a avaliação e execução consistentes dos planos municipais de gestão e a influência política pode interferir no desempenho dos programas governamentais. Este diagnóstico poderá auxiliará as prefeituras a se adequarem à legislação vigente, garantindo a execução de suas políticas públicas estratégicas, visando o desenvolvimento sustentável e a eficiência da gestão ambiental.
The Management of Urban Solid Waste composes one of the main items to guarantee environmental protection. The main objective of the present research is to elaborate a study that analyzes the quality in solid waste management in small municipalities, covering a case study for the municipalities of Fernão and Gália, State of São Paulo. The present work was based on methodological and empirical research. Evaluating the data obtained, in relation to the socioeconomic diagnosis and the Green and Blue Municipality Program, it is concluded that the best results were highlighted by the municipality of Fernão, considering the availability of resources and a greater number of certifications. Regarding the Quality index of waste management (IQR), both municipalities presented values compatible with the current legislation. It should be noted that the municipality of Fernão, during the majority of the analyzed period, was close to the upper quality limit. Considering the Municipal Plans of Integrated Solid Waste Management and the Municipal Plans of Basic Sanitation, it is verified that in both municipalities there is content lag, not meeting the legal requirements. As for the infrastructure of municipalities, in both cases the greatest difficulties or problems are related to community participation in management actions, lack of resources and lack of law enforcement, through inspections. The IQG and IGR expose the municipalities presented a value near the upper limit, highlighting better results for the municipality of Gaul. Finally, it is noticed that the participation of the municipal manager in the decisions of the waste manager admits to the municipality better performances in the governmental programs. The training of the waste manager ensures consistent evaluation and enforcement of municipal management plans and political influence can interfere with the performance of government programs. This diagnosis will help municipalities to comply with current legislation, ensuring the implementation of their strategic public policies, aiming at the sustainable development and efficiency of environmental management.
The Management of Urban Solid Waste composes one of the main items to guarantee environmental protection. The main objective of the present research is to elaborate a study that analyzes the quality in solid waste management in small municipalities, covering a case study for the municipalities of Fernão and Gália, State of São Paulo. The present work was based on methodological and empirical research. Evaluating the data obtained, in relation to the socioeconomic diagnosis and the Green and Blue Municipality Program, it is concluded that the best results were highlighted by the municipality of Fernão, considering the availability of resources and a greater number of certifications. Regarding the Quality index of waste management (IQR), both municipalities presented values compatible with the current legislation. It should be noted that the municipality of Fernão, during the majority of the analyzed period, was close to the upper quality limit. Considering the Municipal Plans of Integrated Solid Waste Management and the Municipal Plans of Basic Sanitation, it is verified that in both municipalities there is content lag, not meeting the legal requirements. As for the infrastructure of municipalities, in both cases the greatest difficulties or problems are related to community participation in management actions, lack of resources and lack of law enforcement, through inspections. The IQG and IGR expose the municipalities presented a value near the upper limit, highlighting better results for the municipality of Gaul. Finally, it is noticed that the participation of the municipal manager in the decisions of the waste manager admits to the municipality better performances in the governmental programs. The training of the waste manager ensures consistent evaluation and enforcement of municipal management plans and political influence can interfere with the performance of government programs. This diagnosis will help municipalities to comply with current legislation, ensuring the implementation of their strategic public policies, aiming at the sustainable development and efficiency of environmental management.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Gestão de resíduos sólidos, Desempenho na gestão, Capacitação dos gestores, Solid waste management, Performance in management, Training of managers