Doses de cobalto via foliar, no desenvolvimento e na qualidade da matéria prima da cana-de-açúcar
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Data
2016-10-03
Autores
Silva, Deise Paula da [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O Co é um elemento classificado como benéfico para as plantas cultivadas, podendo influenciar o potencial produtivo da cultura. Os principais estudos sobre a aplicação de cobalto em culturas agrícolas relatam a experiência em leguminosas e, nestes casos, descrevem a elevação da relação simbiótica com bactérias fixadoras de nitrogênio as interferências na biossíntese de etileno e nos índices de clorofila das plantas. O presente estudo objetivou compreender a ação do cobalto no desenvolvimento da cultura da cana-de-açúcar, em experimento implantado em março de 2015 na unidade de pesquisa pertencente ao USDA - United States Department of Agriculture, Houma – LA. Utilizando-se a variedade LCP 85-384. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados com quatro repetições. Os tratamentos consistiram na aplicação de quatro doses de cobalto T1: Controle (sem aplicação de cobalto), T2: 70,42 mL ha-1 , T3: Aplicação 140,87 mL ha-1 , T4: 210,08 mL ha-1 e T5: 281,70 mL ha-1 . Os tratamentos foram aplicados aos 80 e 100 dias após o plantio e as avaliações realizadas aos 30 e 120 dias após a primeira aplicação. Foram avaliadas variáveis biométricas (altura, número de folhas, diâmetro de colmo), fisiológicas (condutância estomática, índice de SPAD), produtividade, número de colmos vaso-1 , peso de colmos vaso-1 , produtividade de colmos e acucar vaso-1 e variáveis tecnológicas (sacarose (%), pureza (%) e fibra. Nas condições em que foi realizado o presente estudo, pode-se concluir que, a falta de cobalto na cultura da cana-de-açúcar limitou o desenvolvimento das plantas e a produção de colmos e de açúcar. A aplicação de doses de 140,9 ml de cobalto ha-1 proporcionou aumento na condutância estomática, o número de perfilhos, folhas e de colmos, refletindo diretamente em aumento da produção de colmos. As variáveis tecnológicas, como teor de sacarose, pureza do caldo e teor de fibra, não foram alterados pela aplicação do cobalto, porém a produção de açúcar aumentou, como reflexo da produção de colmos.O uso de doses acima de 200 ml de cobalto ha-1 prejudicaram o desenvolvimento da cultura, provavelmente por toxidez.
Cobalt is an element classified as beneficial to the crop plants and can influence the productive potential of the crop. The major studies on the application cobalt crops experience reported in legumes and in these cases, describing the increase in symbiotic relationship with nitrogen-fixing bacteria and interference in the biosynthesis of ethylene in plant chlorophyll contents. This study aims to understand the action of cobalt (Co) in the vegetative development of sugarcane. The experiment was established in March 2015 in the research unit belonging to the USDA - United States Department of Agriculture, Houma - LA. The variety used was the LCP 85- 384. The treatments consisted of application of four cobalt doses Control (no cobalt), T2: 70,42 mL ha-1 , T3: aplicação 140,87 mL ha-1 , T4: 210,08 mL ha-1 e T5: 281,70 mL ha-1 .Treatments were applied at 80 and 100 days after planting and evaluations carried out at 30 and 120 days after the first application, biometric variables were evaluated (height, number of leaves, stem diameter) physiological (stomatal conductance, SPAD index), productivity, culm number pot-1 , stem weight pot-1 , weight stem (g) pot-1 and technological variables (sucrose (%) purity (%) and fiber (%).In the conditions under which the present study was carried out, it can be concluded that the lack of cobalt in the sugarcane crop limited the development of the plants and the production of stalks and sugar. The application of 140.9 ml doses of ha-1 cobalt provided an increase in stomatal conductance, the number of tillers, leaves and stalks, directly reflecting an increase in stem yield.The technological variables, such as sucrose content, broth purity and fiber content, were not altered by cobalt application, but sugar production increased as The use of doses above 200 ml ha-1 cobalt impaired the development of the crop, probably due to toxicity.
Cobalt is an element classified as beneficial to the crop plants and can influence the productive potential of the crop. The major studies on the application cobalt crops experience reported in legumes and in these cases, describing the increase in symbiotic relationship with nitrogen-fixing bacteria and interference in the biosynthesis of ethylene in plant chlorophyll contents. This study aims to understand the action of cobalt (Co) in the vegetative development of sugarcane. The experiment was established in March 2015 in the research unit belonging to the USDA - United States Department of Agriculture, Houma - LA. The variety used was the LCP 85- 384. The treatments consisted of application of four cobalt doses Control (no cobalt), T2: 70,42 mL ha-1 , T3: aplicação 140,87 mL ha-1 , T4: 210,08 mL ha-1 e T5: 281,70 mL ha-1 .Treatments were applied at 80 and 100 days after planting and evaluations carried out at 30 and 120 days after the first application, biometric variables were evaluated (height, number of leaves, stem diameter) physiological (stomatal conductance, SPAD index), productivity, culm number pot-1 , stem weight pot-1 , weight stem (g) pot-1 and technological variables (sucrose (%) purity (%) and fiber (%).In the conditions under which the present study was carried out, it can be concluded that the lack of cobalt in the sugarcane crop limited the development of the plants and the production of stalks and sugar. The application of 140.9 ml doses of ha-1 cobalt provided an increase in stomatal conductance, the number of tillers, leaves and stalks, directly reflecting an increase in stem yield.The technological variables, such as sucrose content, broth purity and fiber content, were not altered by cobalt application, but sugar production increased as The use of doses above 200 ml ha-1 cobalt impaired the development of the crop, probably due to toxicity.
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Saccharum spp., Elementos benéficos, Metais pesados, Perfilhos