Ações afirmativas em universidades públicas brasileiras: uma análise sobre a implantação das cotas raciais
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Data
2017-04-19
Autores
Souza, Nilda Rodrigues de [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A tese busca realizar uma análise da trajetória de implantação das ações afirmativas no Brasil - nas universidades públicas (Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro – UERJ; Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro – UENF; Universidade do Estado da Bahia – UNEB; e Universidade de Brasília-UnB) pioneiras, bem como, na Universidade Estadual de Londrina-UEL (que não está entre as pioneiras, mas pela proximidade nos permitiu acesso aos egressos cotistas negros) - no período que compreende de 2002 a 2015. Para desenvolver a pesquisa, buscamos referenciais documentais baseados em leis, em editais de seleção dos cotistas negros, relatórios anuais das instituições de ensino superior, artigos, monografias, dissertações, teses, discussões teóricas sobre a escravização e pós-abolição no Brasil entre outros, que nos permitissem entender a composição social brasileira. Além da parte documental, usamos como base teórica a contribuição de Norbert Elias (processo civilizador, habitus social), de Pierre Bourdieu (habitus, capital, campo), de Florestan Fernandes (ajustamentos inter-raciais), de Otavio Ianni (metamorfose do escravo em negro) e de Carlos Hasenbalg (desvantagens cumulativas). Os autores nos proporcionam entender o contexto de elaboração e inserção de ações afirmativas, em especial as cotas raciais. Para maior situação da problemática que envolve as cotas raciais, além da coleta de dados, fizemos entrevistas com alguns egressos cotistas negros da Universidade Estadual de Londrina. Como resultado demostramos as dificuldades de implantação das ações afirmativas, em especial, as cotas raciais universitárias, nas instituições superiores do Brasil, bem como, analisamos as ações “afirmativas”, empreendidas pelo Estado brasileiro, as quais servem para amenizar possíveis confrontos, visto que o Estado brasileiro participou de Conferências da ONU e fez acordos internacionais para a amenização das desigualdades racial e social.
The thesis aims to carry out an analysis of the path of implementation of affirmative actions in Brazil - in the public universities (University of the State of Rio de Janeiro - UERJ, State University of the Northern Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro - UENF, State University of Bahia - UNEB and University Of Brasilia-UnB), as well as in the State University of Londrina-UEL (which is not among the pioneers, but because of the proximity allowed us access to black graduates) - in the period from 2002 to 2015. To develop the research , We searched for documentary references based on laws, black quotations, annual reports of higher education institutions, articles, monographs, dissertations, theses, theoretical discussions about enslavement and post-abolition in Brazil among others, that allowed us to understand The Brazilian social composition. In addition to the documentary part, we use as a theoretical basis the contribution of Norbert Elias (civilizing process, social habitus), Pierre Bourdieu (habitus, capital, field), Florestan Fernandes (interracial adjustments), by Octavio Ianni (metamorphosis of the slave In black) and Carlos Hasenbalg (cumulative disadvantages). The authors allow us to understand the context of elaboration and insertion of affirmative actions, especially racial quotas. In order to better deal with the problems involving racial quotas, in addition to data collection, we conducted interviews with some black quotaters from the State University of Londrina. As a result, we demonstrate the difficulties of implementing affirmative actions, especially university racial quotas, in the higher institutions of Brazil, as well as analyzing the "affirmative" actions undertaken by the Brazilian State, which serve to mitigate possible confrontations, since The Brazilian State participated in ONU Conferences and made international agreements to alleviate racial and social inequalities.
The thesis aims to carry out an analysis of the path of implementation of affirmative actions in Brazil - in the public universities (University of the State of Rio de Janeiro - UERJ, State University of the Northern Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro - UENF, State University of Bahia - UNEB and University Of Brasilia-UnB), as well as in the State University of Londrina-UEL (which is not among the pioneers, but because of the proximity allowed us access to black graduates) - in the period from 2002 to 2015. To develop the research , We searched for documentary references based on laws, black quotations, annual reports of higher education institutions, articles, monographs, dissertations, theses, theoretical discussions about enslavement and post-abolition in Brazil among others, that allowed us to understand The Brazilian social composition. In addition to the documentary part, we use as a theoretical basis the contribution of Norbert Elias (civilizing process, social habitus), Pierre Bourdieu (habitus, capital, field), Florestan Fernandes (interracial adjustments), by Octavio Ianni (metamorphosis of the slave In black) and Carlos Hasenbalg (cumulative disadvantages). The authors allow us to understand the context of elaboration and insertion of affirmative actions, especially racial quotas. In order to better deal with the problems involving racial quotas, in addition to data collection, we conducted interviews with some black quotaters from the State University of Londrina. As a result, we demonstrate the difficulties of implementing affirmative actions, especially university racial quotas, in the higher institutions of Brazil, as well as analyzing the "affirmative" actions undertaken by the Brazilian State, which serve to mitigate possible confrontations, since The Brazilian State participated in ONU Conferences and made international agreements to alleviate racial and social inequalities.
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Palavras-chave
Cotas raciais, Universidade, Políticas, Habitus