Potencial de geração de energia a partir dos resíduos sólidos orgânicos e efluentes líquidos gerados em uma unidade agroindustrial
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Data
2017-04-24
Autores
Gondim, Gustavo Vieira [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O presente trabalho tem como principal objetivo analisar o potencial de geração de energia a partir da queima direta e da decomposição anaeróbia de resíduos sólidos orgânicos agroindustriais e dos efluentes líquidos, que tem se mostrado ao longo dos últimos anos técnicas viáveis para geração de energia neste segmento produtivo. Na grande maioria dos casos, os resíduos orgânicos agroindustriais não são destinados adequadamente ou geram grandes custos de tratamento, o que interfere diretamente na competitividade e no custo do produto a ser disponibilizado ao cliente. A Unidade Agroindustrial estudada é de grande porte, e está localizada no município de Rio Verde (GO), tendo como atividades principais o abate de aves e suínos, produção de produtos industrializados, incubatório e fábrica de rações. Foram levantados os principais resíduos orgânicos, bem como os principais parâmetros quantitativos e qualitativos dos efluentes líquidos gerados neste complexo industrial, e utilizadas as equivalências para determinação da geração de gás metano e biogás com base na literatura. O potencial médio mensal energético foi de 30.808 GJ/mês, e caso haja o aproveitamento energético, isto pode representar uma produção de energia térmica equivalente de 17.758 GJ/mês e um potencial médio mensal de produção de energia elétrica equivalente de 4.112 MWh. O custo orçado para implementar o sistema de aproveitamento energético foi de R$ 11.564.000,00, o que corresponde a um payback descontado de 37 meses, sendo, portanto, viável a realização dos investimentos.
The main objective of this work was to analyze the potential of energy from the direct burning and anaerobic decomposition of organic solid agroindustrial residues and liquid effluents, which has been shown over the last years viable techniques for the generation of energy in this productive segment. In the vast majority of cases, organic agro-industrial wastes are not properly destined or generate large treatment costs, which directly interfere with the competitiveness and cost of the product to be made available to the customer. The Agroindustrial Unit studied is of great size, and is located in the municipality of Rio Verde (GO), whose main activities are the slaughter of poultry and pigs, production of industrialized products, hatchery and feed mill. The main organic wastes were collected, as well as the main quantitative and qualitative parameters of the liquid effluents generated in this industrial complex, and the equivalences were used to determine the generation of methane and biogas from other published scientific works. The average monthly energy potential was 30,808 GJ / month, and in case of energy utilization, this can represent an equivalent thermal energy production of 17,758 GJ / month and an average monthly potential of equivalent electric energy production of 4,112 MWh. The budgeted cost to implement the energy recovery system was R$ 11,564,000.00 which corresponds to a discounted payback of 37 months, showing it be possible to make the necessary investments.
The main objective of this work was to analyze the potential of energy from the direct burning and anaerobic decomposition of organic solid agroindustrial residues and liquid effluents, which has been shown over the last years viable techniques for the generation of energy in this productive segment. In the vast majority of cases, organic agro-industrial wastes are not properly destined or generate large treatment costs, which directly interfere with the competitiveness and cost of the product to be made available to the customer. The Agroindustrial Unit studied is of great size, and is located in the municipality of Rio Verde (GO), whose main activities are the slaughter of poultry and pigs, production of industrialized products, hatchery and feed mill. The main organic wastes were collected, as well as the main quantitative and qualitative parameters of the liquid effluents generated in this industrial complex, and the equivalences were used to determine the generation of methane and biogas from other published scientific works. The average monthly energy potential was 30,808 GJ / month, and in case of energy utilization, this can represent an equivalent thermal energy production of 17,758 GJ / month and an average monthly potential of equivalent electric energy production of 4,112 MWh. The budgeted cost to implement the energy recovery system was R$ 11,564,000.00 which corresponds to a discounted payback of 37 months, showing it be possible to make the necessary investments.
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Palavras-chave
Biogás, Co-digestão, Digestão anaerobia, Metano, Abatedouro