Intervalo de acoplamento e índice de prematuridade em cães com doença degenerativa da valva mitral e arritmias ventriculares
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Data
2017-07-24
Autores
Carvalho, Elizabeth Regina [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
As arritmias ventriculares (AV) já demonstraram ser uma preocupação em cães com degeneração mixomatosa da valva mitral (DMVM). O Intervalo de acoplamento (IA) e o índice de prematuridade (IP) mostraram-se acurados em diferenciar AV benignas e malignas em seres humanos, nos quais as AV estão associadas ao maior risco no desenvolvimento de sintomas de insuficiência cardíaca e/ou morte súbita. Nesse estudo, investigamos como o IA e o IP se comportam em cães com DMVM. De forma retrospectiva e transversal, essa investigação incluiu cães com DMVM sintomática (estágios C/D; n=41), ou assintomática (estágios B1/B2; n=29), nos quais os exames eletrocardiográficos foram revisados para a mensuração do IA e do IP. Primeiramente, em oitos cães os índices obtidos tanto no Holter quanto no ECG convencional foram comparados, e não foi obtida diferença estatística entre os métodos (IA, P=0,97; IP, P=0,17). Embora o IA e o IP tenham sido determinados em todos os animais do estudo, as características dos complexos ventriculares prematuros (CVP) foram comparadas entre grupos apenas quando o registro Holter estava disponível (n=54). O IP diferiu (P=0,01) entre os cães sintomáticos (0,65 ± 0,17) e assintomáticos (0,56 ± 0,18), mas o IA foi considerado similar (P=0,91). Além disso, o grupo sintomático apresentou mais frequentemente CVP polimórficos (P=0,002) e arritmias supraventriculares (P=0,0002) do que os assintomáticos. Em conclusão, os CVP em cães com DMVM sintomática são mais prematuros, e mais comumente associados ao polimorfismo do que em animais assintomáticos.
Ventricular arrhythmias (VA) were already demonstrated to be a concern in dogs with myxomatous mitral valve disease (MMVD). The coupling interval (CI) and the prematurity index (PI) were shown to accurately differentiate benign and malignant VA in human beings, in which VA are known to be associated with an increased risk to either evolve into signs of heart failure or die suddenly. In this study, we investigated how the CI and PI perform in dogs with MMVD. In a retrospective, cross-sectional investigation that included dogs with either symptomatic (stages C/D; n=41) or asymptomatic (stages B1/B2; n=29) MMVD, we reviewed the electrocardiographic tracings to calculate both the CI and PI. Firstly, in eight dogs we also compared these indices obtained from both a Holter recording and a standard ECG tracing and no statistical differences existed between methods (CI, P=0.97; PI, P=0.17). Even though CI and PI were determined in all animals enrolled in the study, ventricular premature complexes (VPC) characteristics were only compared among symptomatic and asymptomatic dogs when a Holter recording was available (n=54). The PI was different (P=0.01) between symptomatic (0.65 ± 0.17) and asymptomatic (0.56 ± 0.18) dogs, but CI was considered similar (P=0.91). Also, the symptomatic dogs had more polymorphic VPC (P=0.002) and supraventricular arrhythmias (P=0.0002) than the asymptomatic animals. In conclusion, VPC in dogs with symptomatic MMVD are more premature and more commonly associated with supraventricular arrhythmias and polymorphic ventricular premature complexes than asymptomatic animals.
Ventricular arrhythmias (VA) were already demonstrated to be a concern in dogs with myxomatous mitral valve disease (MMVD). The coupling interval (CI) and the prematurity index (PI) were shown to accurately differentiate benign and malignant VA in human beings, in which VA are known to be associated with an increased risk to either evolve into signs of heart failure or die suddenly. In this study, we investigated how the CI and PI perform in dogs with MMVD. In a retrospective, cross-sectional investigation that included dogs with either symptomatic (stages C/D; n=41) or asymptomatic (stages B1/B2; n=29) MMVD, we reviewed the electrocardiographic tracings to calculate both the CI and PI. Firstly, in eight dogs we also compared these indices obtained from both a Holter recording and a standard ECG tracing and no statistical differences existed between methods (CI, P=0.97; PI, P=0.17). Even though CI and PI were determined in all animals enrolled in the study, ventricular premature complexes (VPC) characteristics were only compared among symptomatic and asymptomatic dogs when a Holter recording was available (n=54). The PI was different (P=0.01) between symptomatic (0.65 ± 0.17) and asymptomatic (0.56 ± 0.18) dogs, but CI was considered similar (P=0.91). Also, the symptomatic dogs had more polymorphic VPC (P=0.002) and supraventricular arrhythmias (P=0.0002) than the asymptomatic animals. In conclusion, VPC in dogs with symptomatic MMVD are more premature and more commonly associated with supraventricular arrhythmias and polymorphic ventricular premature complexes than asymptomatic animals.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Arritmia supraventricular, Complexos ventriculares prematuros, Eletrocardiografia, Endocardiose, Holter, Polimorfismo, Supraventricular arrhythmias, Premature ventricular complexes, Electrocardiography, Endocardiosis, Polymorphism