Delimitação de espécies em Cubozoa: morfologia e molecular do gênero Tamoya
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Data
2017-07-21
Autores
Gimenes, Kethely Fernandes Brasil [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Existe uma considerável abundância de espécies de cnidários no litoral do Brasil e uma das espécies mais intrigantes e pouco conhecidas é a Tamoya haplonema, a qual dentre suas características mais interessantes se destaca a presença de um padrão de bandas nos tentáculos, o que não é comum nos cubozoários, classe à qual pertence. Essa espécie é conhecida desde meados do século XIX, sendo uma das poucas espécies no Atlântico Sul capaz de causar acidentes graves em humanos. Em 2011 alguns registros de espécimes do mesmo gênero para o Mar do Caribe resultaram na descrição de uma nova espécie, Tamoya ohboya. Essa espécie foi delimitada, principalmente, por dados moleculares e devido à disponibilidade de poucos indivíduos a definição é dúbia em vários trechos. Já foi constatado que o cenário taxonômico do gênero Tamoya no Atlântico Ocidental não é consistente. Desta maneira, o principal objetivo deste estudo foi a comparação taxonômica do gênero Tamoya no Atlântico Sul e Mar do Caribe.Para tal, indivíduos do gênero Tamoya do Atlântico Sul foram analisados e comparados com T.ohboya, utilizando dados morfológicos/morfométricos e moleculares, incluindo o estudo da composição dos nematocistos através das medidas e análises comparativas. Os resultados morfológicos, bem como a análise do cnidoma e os resultados moleculares deixam claro que T.haplonema e T.ohboya são na realidade a mesma espécie.
There is a considerable abundance of cnidarian species along the Brazilian coast and one of the most intriguing and little known species is the medusa Tamoya haplonema, which among its most interesting characteristics stands out the presence of a pattern of bands in the tentacles, which is not common in the Cubozoa, the class to which it belongs. This species has been known since the mid-nineteenth century, being one of the few species in the Southern Atlantic capable of causing serious stings to humans. In 2011 specimens of the same genus the Caribbean Sea resulting in the description of a new species, Tamoya ohboya. This species was delimited, mainly, by molecular data and due to the availability of few individuals the definition is dubious in several parts. It has already been verified that the taxonomic scenario of the genus Tamoya in the Western Atlantic is not consistent. Thus, the main objective of this study was the taxonomic comparison of the genus Tamoya in the South Atlantic and the Caribbean Sea. Thus individuals of the genus from the South Atlantic were analyzed and compared with T.ohboya, using morphological / morphometric and molecular data, including the study of the nematocysts composition through measurements and comparative analyzes. The morphological results as well as the analysis of the cnidome and molecular results make it clear that T.haplonema and T.ohboya are actually the same species.
There is a considerable abundance of cnidarian species along the Brazilian coast and one of the most intriguing and little known species is the medusa Tamoya haplonema, which among its most interesting characteristics stands out the presence of a pattern of bands in the tentacles, which is not common in the Cubozoa, the class to which it belongs. This species has been known since the mid-nineteenth century, being one of the few species in the Southern Atlantic capable of causing serious stings to humans. In 2011 specimens of the same genus the Caribbean Sea resulting in the description of a new species, Tamoya ohboya. This species was delimited, mainly, by molecular data and due to the availability of few individuals the definition is dubious in several parts. It has already been verified that the taxonomic scenario of the genus Tamoya in the Western Atlantic is not consistent. Thus, the main objective of this study was the taxonomic comparison of the genus Tamoya in the South Atlantic and the Caribbean Sea. Thus individuals of the genus from the South Atlantic were analyzed and compared with T.ohboya, using morphological / morphometric and molecular data, including the study of the nematocysts composition through measurements and comparative analyzes. The morphological results as well as the analysis of the cnidome and molecular results make it clear that T.haplonema and T.ohboya are actually the same species.
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Palavras-chave
Taxonomia, DNA barcoding, Tamoya haplonema, Tamoya ohboya, Espécies crípticas, Taxonomy, Cryptic species