Prevalência e gravidade da apneia nas crianças em programação de adenotonsilectomia com identificação de fatores de risco para complicações respiratórias após cirurgia
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2017-05-25
Autores
Martins, Renato Oliveira [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
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Objetivo: Identificar preditores de risco para complicações respiratórias após adenotonsilectomia (AT) em crianças menores que 12 anos com AOS que aguardam cirurgia, bem como a prevalência e gravidade da AOS. Métodos: Estudo prospectivo em hospital escola da Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu. Foram incluídas crianças de ambos os gêneros, 2 a 12 anos de idade, com AOS e indicação de AT. Todos realizaram polissonografia de noite inteira no pré- e pós-operatório. Foram utilizados o teste t independente, teste t dependente, Mann-Whitney, Kruskal-Wallis e Qui-quadrado para identificação de fatores de risco para morbidade respiratória após AT e estratificação da AOS. Resultados: As 82 crianças que realizaram AT foram divididas em 2 grupos de acordo com presença ou ausência de complicações respiratórias. Dezesseis crianças (20%), com idade média de 8,2 + 2,4 anos, apresentaram complicações respiratórias, sendo 9 gênero masculino. Foram observadas complicações respiratórias menores (SpO2 80 - 90%) e maiores (SpO2 < 80%, broncoespasmos intra- e pós-operatório e depressão respiratória). Asma, rinopatia e déficit de atenção foram preditores independentes de complicações respiratórias após AT. Entre as intervenções médicas, 1 criança realizou NBZ contínuas com broncodilatador, 6 necessitaram de reposicionamento de via aérea e NBZ com O2 suplementar e 1 fez uso de Narcan para reverter depressão respiratória. A prevalência de AOS em crianças de 2 a 12 anos foi de 93% (76 crianças), sendo 35% com AOS leve (26 crianças), 41% AOS moderada (34 crianças) e 20% AOS grave (16 crianças). Apenas 7% (6 crianças) não apresentavam AOS. A avaliação clínica por questionário e o exame otorrinolaringológico não foram capaz de estratificar clinicamente as crianças de acordo com sua gravidade, com exceção da DRGE. Conclusão: Crianças com idade entre 2 a 12 anos diagnosticadas com AOS que apresentam déficit de atenção, asma e rinopatia desenvolveram maiores complicações respiratórias após AT. A prevalência de AOS em crianças que aguardam o procedimento de AT foi de 93%.
Objective: To identify risk factors for respiratory complications after adenotonsillectomy in children ≤ 12 years of age with OSA awaiting AT surgery, as well as identify the prevalence and severity of OSA. Methods: Prospective study in a tertiary level Hospital of Botucatu Medical School. Children of both genders, aged 2 to 12 years old, with complaints of respiratory disorders and indication for adenotonsillectomy were included. All children underwent full-night PSG in the pre- and pos-operative. Independent t-test, t-dependent test, Mann-Whitney, Kruskal-Wallis and Chi-square tests were used to identify risk factors for respiratory morbidity after AT and severity of OSA. Results: Eighty-two children who performed AT were divided into 2 groups according to the presence or absence of respiratory complications. Sixteen children (20%) mean age 8.2 ± 2.4 years presented respiratory complications, (9 male). Minor (SpO2 80-90%) and major respiratory complication (SpO2 < 80%, intra and postoperative bronchospasm and respiratory depression) were observed. Asthma, rhinopathy and attention-deficit were independent predictors of respiratory complications after TA. Among the medical interventions, 1 child performed continuous NBZ with a bronchodilator, 6 required airway repositioning and NBZ with supplemental O2, and 1 used narcan to reverse respiratory depression. The prevalence of OSA in children aged 2 to 12 years was 93% (76 children). Out of these, 35% (26 children) were mild, 41% (34 children) moderate and 20% (16 children) severe OSA. Only 7% (6 children) did not present OSA. Clinical evaluation by questionnaire and otorhinolaryngological examination were not able to clinically stratify children according to their severity, with the exception of GER. Conclusion: Children up to 12 years of age diagnosed with OSA who present attention-deficit, asthma and rhinopathy developed greater respiratory complications after AT. The prevalence rate of OSA in children waiting in the surgical row for the AT procedure was 93%.
Objective: To identify risk factors for respiratory complications after adenotonsillectomy in children ≤ 12 years of age with OSA awaiting AT surgery, as well as identify the prevalence and severity of OSA. Methods: Prospective study in a tertiary level Hospital of Botucatu Medical School. Children of both genders, aged 2 to 12 years old, with complaints of respiratory disorders and indication for adenotonsillectomy were included. All children underwent full-night PSG in the pre- and pos-operative. Independent t-test, t-dependent test, Mann-Whitney, Kruskal-Wallis and Chi-square tests were used to identify risk factors for respiratory morbidity after AT and severity of OSA. Results: Eighty-two children who performed AT were divided into 2 groups according to the presence or absence of respiratory complications. Sixteen children (20%) mean age 8.2 ± 2.4 years presented respiratory complications, (9 male). Minor (SpO2 80-90%) and major respiratory complication (SpO2 < 80%, intra and postoperative bronchospasm and respiratory depression) were observed. Asthma, rhinopathy and attention-deficit were independent predictors of respiratory complications after TA. Among the medical interventions, 1 child performed continuous NBZ with a bronchodilator, 6 required airway repositioning and NBZ with supplemental O2, and 1 used narcan to reverse respiratory depression. The prevalence of OSA in children aged 2 to 12 years was 93% (76 children). Out of these, 35% (26 children) were mild, 41% (34 children) moderate and 20% (16 children) severe OSA. Only 7% (6 children) did not present OSA. Clinical evaluation by questionnaire and otorhinolaryngological examination were not able to clinically stratify children according to their severity, with the exception of GER. Conclusion: Children up to 12 years of age diagnosed with OSA who present attention-deficit, asthma and rhinopathy developed greater respiratory complications after AT. The prevalence rate of OSA in children waiting in the surgical row for the AT procedure was 93%.
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Complicações pós-operatórias, Tonsilectomia: apneia do sono tipo obstrutiva, Crianças, Postoperative complications, Tonsillectomy: obstructive sleep apnea, Children