Sobre o estatuto psíquico da obesidade frente à demanda contemporânea: sintoma e acontecimento de corpo
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Data
2017-10-06
Autores
Silva, Juliana Medeiros [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A prevalência de sobrepeso e de obesidade vem se apresentando como um dos principais desafios enfrentados pela saúde no âmbito mundial. Considerada pela medicina uma doença crônica, multifatorial e de complexo tratamento, a obesidade afeta todas as faixas etárias da população e é um importante fator de risco para outras doenças, sendo responsávelpela morte de mais de 2,8 milhões de pessoas por ano. Seu impacto reflete e interfere de forma significativa na qualidade de vida, na realização das atividades diárias e na busca pelos serviços de saúde, além de ter implicações diretas na aceitação social, nas relações interpessoais e na própria relação do sujeito consigo e com seu corpo, trazendo assim uma série de prejuízos àquele que a desenvolve. Inúmeros tratamentos buscam minimizar os efeitos da obesidade e até mesmo encontrar sua cura, no entanto, as respostas dadas pelos sujeitos nem sempre acompanham os esforços da ciência no combate ao excesso de peso, resultando muitas vezes no insucesso das terapêuticas e destacando algo que diz da ordem psíquica. A dificuldade de controle da obesidade, seus índices expressivos e progressivos e as questões psíquicas que envolvem essa manifestação chamam a atenção e convocam também o psicanalista à reflexão. O que poderia significar esse “boom” da obesidade no contexto contemporâneo? Que lugar a obesidade pode assumir para o sujeito em sua economia psíquica? – Eis perguntas fundamentais e que nortearam este estudo. Frente a esse cenário e diante das múltiplas facetas da obesidade e suas vicissitudes, a presente pesquisa, teórica e qualitativa, resguardada à vivência com essa população, se propõe a discutir sobre o estatuto dessa manifestação no corpo, característica da obesidade – o excesso de peso – a partir do referencial teórico da psicanálise, visando refletir sobre esse fenômeno na atualidade e sobre a função que o peso excessivo pode assumir para o sujeito, considerando também as designações de sintoma e acontecimento de corpo. Este trabalho objetiva discutir sobre a obesidade em sua integralidade, considerando o corpo a partir de sua unidade biológica (orgânico) e psíquica (orientado pela pulsão e pelo desejo), contribuindo, assim, para compreensão mais abrangente dessa manifestação em seus aspectos psíquicos, físicos e sociais.
The prevalence of overweight and obesity is occurring as one of the main challenges faced by worldwide healthcare. Considered by medicine as a chronic disease, heaving multifactorial and complex treatment, obesity affects all age groups of the population and is an important risk factor for other diseases, being responsible for the death of more than 2.8 million people per year. Its impact reflects and significantly interferes in quality life, daily activities and in the search for health services; and also has in social acceptance, interpersonal relationships and the subject's own relation with himself and his body, bringing a serie of prejudices to the one who develops it. Numerous treatments seek to minimize the effects of obesity and even find its cure; however, the responses given by the subjects do not always accompany the efforts of science in the fight against overweight, often resulting in the failure of therapies and highlighting something about the psychic issue. The difficulty of controlling obesity, its expressive and progressive raise, and the psychic problems involved in this manifestation attract attention and also invite the psychoanalyst to reflect. What could this obesity 'boom' mean in the contemporary context? What place can obesity assume for the subject in his psychic economy? - These are fundamental questions that guided this study. Faced by this scenario and in view of the multiples aspects of obesity and its vicissitudes, the present theoretical and qualitative research, despite the experience with this population, proposes to discuss about the status of this manifestation in the body characteristic of obesity, the excess weight, from the theoretical reference of psychoanalysis, in order to reflect on this phenomenon in the present time and about the function that the excessive weight can assume for the subject, also considering the designations of symptom and event of body. This work aims to discuss obesity in its completness, considering the body from its biological (organic) and psychic (driven by drive and desire) unity, thus contributing to a more comprehensive understanding of this manifestation in its psychic, physical and social rights.
The prevalence of overweight and obesity is occurring as one of the main challenges faced by worldwide healthcare. Considered by medicine as a chronic disease, heaving multifactorial and complex treatment, obesity affects all age groups of the population and is an important risk factor for other diseases, being responsible for the death of more than 2.8 million people per year. Its impact reflects and significantly interferes in quality life, daily activities and in the search for health services; and also has in social acceptance, interpersonal relationships and the subject's own relation with himself and his body, bringing a serie of prejudices to the one who develops it. Numerous treatments seek to minimize the effects of obesity and even find its cure; however, the responses given by the subjects do not always accompany the efforts of science in the fight against overweight, often resulting in the failure of therapies and highlighting something about the psychic issue. The difficulty of controlling obesity, its expressive and progressive raise, and the psychic problems involved in this manifestation attract attention and also invite the psychoanalyst to reflect. What could this obesity 'boom' mean in the contemporary context? What place can obesity assume for the subject in his psychic economy? - These are fundamental questions that guided this study. Faced by this scenario and in view of the multiples aspects of obesity and its vicissitudes, the present theoretical and qualitative research, despite the experience with this population, proposes to discuss about the status of this manifestation in the body characteristic of obesity, the excess weight, from the theoretical reference of psychoanalysis, in order to reflect on this phenomenon in the present time and about the function that the excessive weight can assume for the subject, also considering the designations of symptom and event of body. This work aims to discuss obesity in its completness, considering the body from its biological (organic) and psychic (driven by drive and desire) unity, thus contributing to a more comprehensive understanding of this manifestation in its psychic, physical and social rights.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Obesidade – aspectos psicológicos, Psicanálise, Corpo humano, Manifestações psicológicas de doenças, Obesity - psychological aspects, Psychoanalysis, Human Body, Psychological manifestations of diseases