Resistência ao cisalhamento de solos com fibras de politereftalato de etileno reciclado
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Data
2017-12-18
Autores
Castilho, Tayane Westermann Lopes
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Este trabalho avaliou a influência da inclusão de fibras recicladas extraídas de garrafas constituídas de politereftalato de etileno (PET) na resistência ao cisalhamento de solos arenoso e argiloso. Por meio de ensaios de compressão simples das amostras dos solos e misturas desses com diferentes teores e comprimentos de fibras, obteve-se que a combinação de 1,5% de fibras, em relação à massa de solo seco, com comprimento de 20 mm levou a um aumento de 92,8% na resistência não confinada para a amostra de solo arenoso, e de 10,5% para a de solo argiloso. Ensaios de cisalhamento direto foram realizados com essa dosagem, em duas diferentes condições de compactação, e revelam o ganho de 66,4% no intercepto de coesão para o solo arenoso com grau de compactação de 100%, e de 55,5% com grau de compactação de 95%, em relação ao solo sem fibra. Enquanto os ângulos de atrito interno praticamente não se alteraram. A mesma dosagem para o solo argiloso promoveu reduções de coesão de 7,6% e 5,4%, respectivamente, para os graus de compactação de 100% e de 95% e aumentos relativos de 2,9% e 7,3% no ângulo de atrito interno. Esses resultados aplicados em dois casos hipotéticos, capacidade de carga de fundações em sapatas e estabilidade de taludes de aterros, demonstram o efeito da inclusão de fibras na melhoria da estimativa da capacidade de carga para ambos os solos e o aumento do fator de segurança para o solo arenoso. O trabalho oferece uma alternativa tecnicamente viável para a melhoria dos solos e que prioriza o reuso de garrafas PET, colaborando para preservação ambiental, mas não só, pois a atividade promove ainda benefícios sociais e econômicos.
This study presents an analysis of the influence of the inclusion of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fibers, extracted from waste plastic bottles, in the shear strength of sandy and clayey soils. Simple compression tests were performed with soil samples and mixtures of these with different fiber contents and lengths. The combination of 1,5% of fibers in relation to the dry soil mass with a length of 20 mm led to a 92.8% increase in the unconfined resistance for the sandy soil sample and 10.5% for the clayey soil sample. Direct shear tests were carried out with this dosage, with two different compaction conditions, showing the gain of 66.4% in the cohesion intercept for sandy soil with 100% compaction degree, and 55.5% with the degree of 95%, in relation to the soil without fiber. While the angles of internal friction remained almost constant. The same dosage for clayey soil promoted cohesion reductions of 7.6% and 5.4%, respectively, for compaction degrees of 100% and 95% and relative increases of 2.9% and 7.3% in the angle of internal friction. These results, applied in two hypothetical cases, load capacity of an isolated footing foundation and slope stability of landfills, demonstrate the effect of the inclusion of fibers in improving the estimation of the load capacity for both soils and the increase of the safety factor for the sandy soil. The study offers a technically feasible alternative for the improvement of soils, and that prioritizes the reuse of PET bottles, collaborating for environmental preservation, but not only, since the activity also promotes social and economic benefits.
This study presents an analysis of the influence of the inclusion of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fibers, extracted from waste plastic bottles, in the shear strength of sandy and clayey soils. Simple compression tests were performed with soil samples and mixtures of these with different fiber contents and lengths. The combination of 1,5% of fibers in relation to the dry soil mass with a length of 20 mm led to a 92.8% increase in the unconfined resistance for the sandy soil sample and 10.5% for the clayey soil sample. Direct shear tests were carried out with this dosage, with two different compaction conditions, showing the gain of 66.4% in the cohesion intercept for sandy soil with 100% compaction degree, and 55.5% with the degree of 95%, in relation to the soil without fiber. While the angles of internal friction remained almost constant. The same dosage for clayey soil promoted cohesion reductions of 7.6% and 5.4%, respectively, for compaction degrees of 100% and 95% and relative increases of 2.9% and 7.3% in the angle of internal friction. These results, applied in two hypothetical cases, load capacity of an isolated footing foundation and slope stability of landfills, demonstrate the effect of the inclusion of fibers in improving the estimation of the load capacity for both soils and the increase of the safety factor for the sandy soil. The study offers a technically feasible alternative for the improvement of soils, and that prioritizes the reuse of PET bottles, collaborating for environmental preservation, but not only, since the activity also promotes social and economic benefits.
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Palavras-chave
Solos com fibras, Resistência ao cisalhamento, Politereftalato de etileno, Soil with fibers, Shear strength, Polyethylene terephthalate