Sustentabilidade dos sistemas de produção do lambari-do-rabo-amarelo
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Data
2017-08-08
Autores
Gonçalves, Fernando Henrique Agostinho dos Santos Barbosa
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Os sistemas de produção de lambari se diferenciam pelo nível de controle da reprodução da espécie. As técnicas utilizadas envolvem desde a reprodução natural até a utilização de laboratório para indução hormonal. Assim, classificamos os sistemas produção de lambari em baixo (LCS), médio (MCS) e alto (HCS) controle. Nosso objetivo é caracterizar os três principais sistemas de produção de lambari do Estado de São Paulo e avaliar a sustentabilidade de cada um. A sustentabilidade foi avaliada por meio de indicadores ambientais, sociais, econômicos e de governança. Visitamos nove propriedades selecionadas de acordo com o nível de controle de produção. Os dados sociais, econômicos e de governança foram obtidos por meio de um questionário semiestruturado e dados secundários obtidos em órgãos públicos. Amostras de água, sedimento, lambaris produzidos e dieta fornecida foram coletadas nas fases inicial e final do ciclo de produção em cada propriedade e analisados no Laboratório de Aquicultura Sustentável, do CAUNESP, no Campus de São Vicente da UNESP. As variáveis obtidas foram comparadas entre os sistemas. Os indicadores foram calculados e transformados em escala de performance. Assim, foram calculados índices de sustentabilidade ambiental, social, econômica e institucional por combinação linear e gerado um índice geral de sustentabilidade para cada sistema. Os sistemas de médio e alto controle de produção foram classificados como Potencialmente Sustentável, com índices de 0.686 e 0.775, respectivamente. O sistema de baixo controle de produção foi classificado como Média Sustentabilidade, com índice de 0.590. A dimensão institucional é o ponto mais fraco da produção de lambari no Estado de São Paulo.
The production systems of lambari differ by the level of control of the reproduction. The techniques used vary from natural reproduction to laboratory use for hormonal induction. Thus, we classify the lambari production systems in low (LCS) , medium (MCS) and high (HCS) control . Our objective is to characterize the three main lambari production systems in the São Paulo State and to evaluate t he sustainability of each one. The s ustainability was assessed by environmental, social, economic and governance indicators. We visited nine properties selected according to thei r level of control of production. Social, economic and governance data were obtained through a semi - structured questionnaire and secondary data obtained from public agencies. Samples of water, sediment, lambari produced and diet supplied were collected in the initial and final phases of the breeding cycle in each property and analyzed in the Sustainab le Aquaculture Laboratory of CAUNESP, at the São Vicente Campus of UNESP. The obtained variables were compared between the systems. The indicators were calcula ted and transformed into a performance scale. Thus, environmental, social, economic and governance sustainability indexes were calculated by linear combination and generated a general sustainability index for each system. The systems of medium and high con trol of production were classified as Potentially Sustainable, with indexes of 0.686 and 0.775, respectively. The low production control system was classified as Average Sustainability, with an index of 0.590. The governance is the weakest dimen s ion of lam bari production in São Paulo State .
The production systems of lambari differ by the level of control of the reproduction. The techniques used vary from natural reproduction to laboratory use for hormonal induction. Thus, we classify the lambari production systems in low (LCS) , medium (MCS) and high (HCS) control . Our objective is to characterize the three main lambari production systems in the São Paulo State and to evaluate t he sustainability of each one. The s ustainability was assessed by environmental, social, economic and governance indicators. We visited nine properties selected according to thei r level of control of production. Social, economic and governance data were obtained through a semi - structured questionnaire and secondary data obtained from public agencies. Samples of water, sediment, lambari produced and diet supplied were collected in the initial and final phases of the breeding cycle in each property and analyzed in the Sustainab le Aquaculture Laboratory of CAUNESP, at the São Vicente Campus of UNESP. The obtained variables were compared between the systems. The indicators were calcula ted and transformed into a performance scale. Thus, environmental, social, economic and governance sustainability indexes were calculated by linear combination and generated a general sustainability index for each system. The systems of medium and high con trol of production were classified as Potentially Sustainable, with indexes of 0.686 and 0.775, respectively. The low production control system was classified as Average Sustainability, with an index of 0.590. The governance is the weakest dimen s ion of lam bari production in São Paulo State .
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Palavras-chave
Astyanax lacustris, Sustentabilidade, Escala de performance, Gases do efeito estufa, Equidade social, Viabilidade econômica, Indicadores de governança