Eficiência do uso da água em um sistema vertical sob irrigação localizada
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Data
2017-12-18
Autores
Ventura, Kevim Muniz
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Pesquisas agropecuárias que buscam aumentar a eficiência do uso da água e da terra de sistemas agrícolas irrigados vem crescendo cada vez mais visando suprir a crescente demanda alimentícia da população. O sistema de hortas orgânicas verticais surge para tentar suprir essa demanda, porém por se tratar de um sistema inovador ainda existe diversos parâmetros a serem estudados com atenção. Desta forma, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar um sistema de produção irrigada vertical em termos produção de hortaliças e da eficiência do uso da água, a influencia da localização das plantas na estrutura, o desempenho da fertirrigação e do biofertilizante orgânico produzido no sistema vertical, além de avaliar os coeficientes de uniformidade (Christiansen, de distribuição, estatístico e eficiência de aplicação). O sistema vertical apresentou uma EUA superior quando comparado com o cultivo em solo ou em canteiros em substrato para as culturas analisadas. Os parâmetros biométricos não apresentaram diferença estatística quando comparados os sistemas convencionais e vertical. Houve diferença estatística quanto à orientação das culturas com referência à trajetória do sol. A fertirrigação resultou em uma produção mais homogênea para a cultura da alface, uma vez que os parâmetros biométricos analisados foram mais uniformes entre os níveis do sistema vertical. Em termos de uniformidade de aplicação, os coeficientes foram superiores com o passar dos ciclos, garantindo que a aplicação de água neste sistema fosse satisfatória. Os resultados dos trabalhos realizados evidenciam que o sistema vertical tem potencial para produção de hortaliças orgânicas de qualidade.
Agricultural research that seeks to increase the efficiency of water and land use in irrigated agricultural systems has been increasing in order to meet the growing food demand of the population. The system of vertical organic gardens arises to try to supply this demand, but because it is an innovative system there are still several parameters to be studied carefully. Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate a vertical irrigated production system in terms of vegetable production and water use efficiency, the influence of levels and sides in the production of vegetables, the performance of the fertirrigation and the organic biofertilizer produced in the system vertical, in addition to evaluating the coefficients of uniformity (Christiansen, distribution, statistical and application efficiency). The vertical system presented a superior WUE to the other treatments for all cultures analyzed, and the biometric parameters did not show statistical difference when compared to the conventional and vertical systems. There was a statistical difference between the different sides of the system for the analyzed cultures. Fertigation resulted in a more homogeneous production for the lettuce crop, since the biometric parameters analyzed were more uniform between the levels of the vertical system. In terms of uniformity of application, the coefficients were higher after the cycles, ensuring that the water application in this system was satisfactory. The results of the studies showed that the vertical system has the potential to produce quality organic vegetables.
Agricultural research that seeks to increase the efficiency of water and land use in irrigated agricultural systems has been increasing in order to meet the growing food demand of the population. The system of vertical organic gardens arises to try to supply this demand, but because it is an innovative system there are still several parameters to be studied carefully. Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate a vertical irrigated production system in terms of vegetable production and water use efficiency, the influence of levels and sides in the production of vegetables, the performance of the fertirrigation and the organic biofertilizer produced in the system vertical, in addition to evaluating the coefficients of uniformity (Christiansen, distribution, statistical and application efficiency). The vertical system presented a superior WUE to the other treatments for all cultures analyzed, and the biometric parameters did not show statistical difference when compared to the conventional and vertical systems. There was a statistical difference between the different sides of the system for the analyzed cultures. Fertigation resulted in a more homogeneous production for the lettuce crop, since the biometric parameters analyzed were more uniform between the levels of the vertical system. In terms of uniformity of application, the coefficients were higher after the cycles, ensuring that the water application in this system was satisfactory. The results of the studies showed that the vertical system has the potential to produce quality organic vegetables.
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Palavras-chave
Irrigação, Agroecologia, fertirrigação, fotossíntese, vermicompostagem