Avaliação da microalga Ankistrodesmus gracilis (Reinsch) Korshikov cultivada em meio de macrófita na alimentação de Xiphophorus maculatus
Carregando...
Arquivos
Data
2018-02-16
Autores
Santos, Gustavo Laranjeira de Melo
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O estudo do cultivo de microalgas na aquicultura é importante para incrementar o conhecimento da biologia das espécies, favorecendo posterior produção em ambientes controlados. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o crescimento da microalga Ankistrodesmus gracilis em meio de cultura composto por biomassa de Azolla caroliniana e Lemna minor e utilizar a microalga na alimentação do Xiphophorus maculatus visando melhorar o desempenho zootécnico. O experimento com a microalga durou 28 dias em condições controladas e os parâmetros físicos e químicos foram mensurados semanalmente com a avaliação diária do crescimento. A planta L. minor apresentou melhores resultados para macro e micronutrientes, e o crescimento também foi maior no meio de cultura para a microalga A. gracilis (552 x 105 cel mL-1) do que no meio de A. caroliniana (292 x 105 cel mL-1). No meio de cultura de L. minor a microalga A. gracilis apresentou maiores teores de clorofila-a, taxa de crescimento, densidade celular média e máxima e fósforo total. O teor de lipídio foi maior no meio de L. minor e o de proteína foi igual em ambos os meios. O uso de microalga A. gracilis crescida no meio de macrófita, foi utilizada para a alimentação do peixe ornamental Platy (X. maculatus). Para preparação da ração a microalga crescida nos dois meios de cultura diferentes foi liofilizada e adicionada na ração na proporção de 10%. Os tratamentos foram alimento inerte, somente ração (controle); alimento inerte com microalga A. gracilis cultivada em meio de cultura A. caroliniana e alimento inerte com microalga A. gracilis cultivada em meio de cultura L. minor. Em relação ao desempenho zootécnico observou-se diferenças significativas (p<0,05) para o tratamento contendo microalga cultivada em meio de L. minor em relação ao peso final, ganho de peso, taxa de crescimento, consumo, peso inicial e sobrevivência, e o controle obteve o pior desempenho zootécnico. Dentre as duas macrófitas estudadas L. minor demonstrou ser mais eficiente promovendo elevada densidade celular, evidenciando que estas plantas podem ser uma nova ferramenta para o cultivo em laboratório desta microalga, em função do baixo custo, eficiência de produção e disponibilidade do recurso. Para o peixe ornamental X. maculatus a ração contendo a microalga cultivada em meio de cultura L. minor apresentou melhores resultados. Já no de A. caroliniana apesar de inferior a L. minor demonstrou ser melhor que o controle (somente ração), comprovando que as macrófitas além de servirem como meio de cultura para microalga, também podem ser um incremento em rações de peixes ornamentais.
Studies on the cultivation of microalgae are greatly relevant for in-depth analysis of species´ biology and for highlighting production in controlled environments. Current analysis assesses growth of the Ankistrodesmus gracilis microalgae in a culture medium composed of Azolla caroliniana and Lemna minor biomass and to use a microalga in the feeding of Xiphophorus maculatus aiming to improve the zootechnical performance. Assay with microalga lasted 28 days in controlled conditions, and physical and chemical parameters were measured weekly, coupled to daily growth evaluation. Macrophyte L. minor had better results macro and micronutrients. and growth was also higher in the culture medium for microalgae A. gracilis (552 x 105 cell mL-1 ) than in A. caroliniana medium (292 x 105 cell mL-1 ). Microalga A. gracilis had higher rates of chlorophyll- , growth and medium, maximum cell density rates and total phosphorus in this culture medium. Lipid rates were greater in L. minor medium. Protein rate was equal in the two media. The use of microalga A. gracilis grown in macrophyte medium was employed for the feeding of the ornamental fish Platy (X. maculatus). To prepare the feed the microalgae grown in the two different culture media were lyophilized and added to the ration in the ratio at 10%. Treatments consisted of inert feed, ration only (control); inert feed plus microalga A. gracilis cultivated in A. caroliniana medium; inert feed plus microalga A. gracilis cultivated in L. minor medium culture. In the case of animal performance, significant differences (p<0.05) were registered for treatment with microalga cultivated in L. minor medium with regard to final weight, weight gain, growth rate intake, initial weight and survival, and the control obtained the worst zootechnical performance. L. minor proved to be more efficient since it enhanced high cell density. This fact showed that these plants may be a new tool for laboratory culture due to low costs, production efficiency and availability. In the case of the ornamental fish X. maculatus, feed with the microalga cultivated in L. minor medium had the best results. In the case of A. caroliniana, albeit lower than L. minor, it proved to be better than control (feed only). Besides being employed as culture medium for microalgae, macrophytes may also constitute a partial increase in the ration of ornamental fish.
Studies on the cultivation of microalgae are greatly relevant for in-depth analysis of species´ biology and for highlighting production in controlled environments. Current analysis assesses growth of the Ankistrodesmus gracilis microalgae in a culture medium composed of Azolla caroliniana and Lemna minor biomass and to use a microalga in the feeding of Xiphophorus maculatus aiming to improve the zootechnical performance. Assay with microalga lasted 28 days in controlled conditions, and physical and chemical parameters were measured weekly, coupled to daily growth evaluation. Macrophyte L. minor had better results macro and micronutrients. and growth was also higher in the culture medium for microalgae A. gracilis (552 x 105 cell mL-1 ) than in A. caroliniana medium (292 x 105 cell mL-1 ). Microalga A. gracilis had higher rates of chlorophyll- , growth and medium, maximum cell density rates and total phosphorus in this culture medium. Lipid rates were greater in L. minor medium. Protein rate was equal in the two media. The use of microalga A. gracilis grown in macrophyte medium was employed for the feeding of the ornamental fish Platy (X. maculatus). To prepare the feed the microalgae grown in the two different culture media were lyophilized and added to the ration in the ratio at 10%. Treatments consisted of inert feed, ration only (control); inert feed plus microalga A. gracilis cultivated in A. caroliniana medium; inert feed plus microalga A. gracilis cultivated in L. minor medium culture. In the case of animal performance, significant differences (p<0.05) were registered for treatment with microalga cultivated in L. minor medium with regard to final weight, weight gain, growth rate intake, initial weight and survival, and the control obtained the worst zootechnical performance. L. minor proved to be more efficient since it enhanced high cell density. This fact showed that these plants may be a new tool for laboratory culture due to low costs, production efficiency and availability. In the case of the ornamental fish X. maculatus, feed with the microalga cultivated in L. minor medium had the best results. In the case of A. caroliniana, albeit lower than L. minor, it proved to be better than control (feed only). Besides being employed as culture medium for microalgae, macrophytes may also constitute a partial increase in the ration of ornamental fish.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Microalga, Meio de cultura, Macrófitas, Alimento, Peixe ornamental, culture medium, macrophytes, feed, ornamental fish