Produção de nanocelulose a partir da casca de eucalipto iodegradada por “pycnoporus sanguineus”
Data
2017-11-24
Autores
Vieira, Ana Carolina
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A produção de nanocelulose a partir de materiais renováveis, como as fibras lignocelulósicas, traz além dos benefícios ambientais, produtos de alta qualidade e excelentes propriedades mecânicas e vantagens econômicas. Com isso, nesta dissertação foram estudadas algumas rotas para a produção de nanocelulose utilizando a casca de eucalipto, pois atualmente esse resíduo é gerado em grandes quantidades em indústrias como a de papel e celulose. O intuito desse trabalho foi encontrar alguma metodologia que eficiente, limpa e de baixo custo. Para isso foram utilizados dois tipos de pré-tratamentos, sendo eles alcalinos e biológicos, onde o alcalino foi dividido em duas etapas (NaOH 10%; NaOH 14%) e o biológico em 4 etapas (7 dias; 14 dias; 21 dias; 31 dias). Pela caracterização química foi possível determinar que os pré-tratamentos alcalino 10% e o pré-tratamento biológico são os mais eficientes em relação a remoção da lignina e hemicelulose, e pelas análises TGA, DRX e FTIR, foi possível determinar que o pré-tratamento alcalino 10% apresentou o melhor resultado. A partir da análise de MEV com a amostra que foi submetida ao pré-tratamento alcalino 10 %, não foi possível notar a formação de nanofibras de celulose, ou seja, para pesquisas futuras é necessário aperfeiçoar as metodologias utilizadas.
The production of nanocellulose from renewable materials, such as lignocellulosic fibers, brings environmental benefits, high quality products and excellent mechanical properties and economic advantages. Thus, in this dissertation some routes for the production of nanocellulose using the eucalyptus bark were studied, because at the moment this residue is generated in large quantities in industries such as paper and pulp. The aim of this work was to find some methodology that is efficient, clean and inexpensive. In order to do this, two types of pre-treatments were used: alkaline and biological, where the alkaline was divided into two stages (NaOH 10%, NaOH 14%) and biological in 4 steps (7 days, 14 days, 21 days; 31 days). By the chemical characterization it was possible to determine that the 10% alkaline pre-treatments and the biological pretreatment are the most efficient in relation to the removal of lignin and hemicellulose, and by the TGA, XRD and FTIR analyzes, it was possible to determine that the pretreatment 10% presented the best result. From the analysis of SEM with the sample that was submitted to 10% alkaline pretreatment, it was not possible to detect the formation of cellulose nanofibres, that is, for future research it is necessary to improve the methodologies used.
The production of nanocellulose from renewable materials, such as lignocellulosic fibers, brings environmental benefits, high quality products and excellent mechanical properties and economic advantages. Thus, in this dissertation some routes for the production of nanocellulose using the eucalyptus bark were studied, because at the moment this residue is generated in large quantities in industries such as paper and pulp. The aim of this work was to find some methodology that is efficient, clean and inexpensive. In order to do this, two types of pre-treatments were used: alkaline and biological, where the alkaline was divided into two stages (NaOH 10%, NaOH 14%) and biological in 4 steps (7 days, 14 days, 21 days; 31 days). By the chemical characterization it was possible to determine that the 10% alkaline pre-treatments and the biological pretreatment are the most efficient in relation to the removal of lignin and hemicellulose, and by the TGA, XRD and FTIR analyzes, it was possible to determine that the pretreatment 10% presented the best result. From the analysis of SEM with the sample that was submitted to 10% alkaline pretreatment, it was not possible to detect the formation of cellulose nanofibres, that is, for future research it is necessary to improve the methodologies used.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Casca de eucalipto. Nanocelulose. Pré-tratamento. Fungo. Grinding.