Síndrome da Fragilidade em idosos hospitalizados
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2018-02-08
Autores
Silva, Taís Regina da
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
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Introdução: A Síndrome da Fragilidade (SF) descreve o estado clínico no qual o idoso apresenta diminuição das reservas fisiológicas e da função de diversos sistemas e órgãos, de tal modo que a capacidade para lidar com fatores estressores do dia a dia fica comprometida, resultando em vulnerabilidade clínica. A hospitalização é considerada um evento que traz consequências importantes para a funcionalidade do idoso e se tratando de idosos frágeis essa consequência pode ser ainda mais grave. Objetivo: Avaliar a prevalência da Síndrome da Fragilidade em idosos internados através de dois instrumentos: Critérios do Cardiovascular Health Study (CHS) e Índice do Study of Osteoporotic Fractures (SOF) e associar a SF com desfechos da internação. Métodos: Estudo observacional analítico e prospectivo. Foram avaliados 98 pacientes internados e identificados através da análise de prontuário os dados sociodemográficos e clínicos e aplicados, no início da internação, os instrumentos CHS e SOF, que classificaram os pacientes como frágeis, pré frágeis ou saudáveis. Após a saída do paciente, através de análise de prontuário, foi observado o desfecho da internação (tempo de internação, complicações na internação, reinternação e óbito na internação/reinternação). Foram feitas associações das variáveis clínicas e desfechos com a SF e análise de concordância entre os instrumentos. Resultados: A amostra foi composta por 98 pacientes com média de idade de 75,30±9,40 anos, sendo 50% do sexo feminino. A prevalência da SF na amostra pelos critérios CHS foi de 82,65% e pelo índice SOF foi de 71,42%. Foi identificada associação significativa (p<0,05) entre a idade, Índice de Massa Corpórea (IMC) e internações prévias com a SF. Em relação aos desfechos observou-se associação significativa (p<0,05) entre as complicações da internação, tempo de internação, óbito na internação, reinternação e óbito na reinternação com a SF. Os instrumentos CHS e SOF apresentaram concordância substancial (K=0,6316). Conclusão: A amostra apresentou alta prevalência da SF. Idosos considerados frágeis pelos instrumentos CHS e SOF se mostraram mais propensos a ter o desfecho de mortalidade e desenvolverem maior número de complicações e tempo de internação e também apresentaram mais reinternações do que pacientes considerados não frágeis.
Introduction: The Frailty Syndrome (FS) describes the clinical stage in which the elderly people present a reduction of the physiological reserves as well as of the functions of diverse systems and body organs, in a way that the ability to deal with daily stress factors is compromised, resulting in a clinical vulnerability. Hospitalization is considered an event that brings important consequences to the elderly functionality and when dealing with frail elderly people this consequence can be even more serious. Objective: To evaluate the prevalence of the Frailty Syndrome in hospitalized elderly people through two criteria: Cardiovascular Health Study index (CHS) and the Study of Osteoporotic Fractures index (SOF) and to relate the FS with the hospitalization outcome. Methods: Analytical and prospective observational study. Ninety-eight hospitalized patients were evaluated, and based on the medical records, the sociodemographic and clinical data were identified and applied in the beginning of the hospitalization, the CHS and SOF indexes that classified the patients as frail, pre-frail, or healthy. After the patient was discharged from the hospital, the outcome of the hospitalization was observed based on the medical records analysis (hospitalization period, complications and death during the hospitalization and rehospitalization). Clinical variables associations were carried out with the FS and between indexes. Results: The sample was composed by 98 patients, with an average age of 75,30±9,40, and 50% of them were female. The prevalence of the FS in the sample by the CHS index was 82.65% and 71.42% by the SOF index. A significant association was identified (p<0,05) between the age, the Body Mass Index (BMI) and previous hospitalizations with the FS. Regarding the outcomes, a significant association was observed (p<0,05) between the complications during the hospitalization, the hospitalization period, the death, the rehospitalization and the death during the rehospitalization with the FS. The CHS and SOF indexes presented a substantial agreement (K=0,6316). Conclusion: The sample presented a high prevalence of the FS. The elderly people considered frail were more inclined to present death outcome, greater number of complications during the hospitalization, longer hospitalization period and more rehospitalization than the patients considered non-frail.
Introduction: The Frailty Syndrome (FS) describes the clinical stage in which the elderly people present a reduction of the physiological reserves as well as of the functions of diverse systems and body organs, in a way that the ability to deal with daily stress factors is compromised, resulting in a clinical vulnerability. Hospitalization is considered an event that brings important consequences to the elderly functionality and when dealing with frail elderly people this consequence can be even more serious. Objective: To evaluate the prevalence of the Frailty Syndrome in hospitalized elderly people through two criteria: Cardiovascular Health Study index (CHS) and the Study of Osteoporotic Fractures index (SOF) and to relate the FS with the hospitalization outcome. Methods: Analytical and prospective observational study. Ninety-eight hospitalized patients were evaluated, and based on the medical records, the sociodemographic and clinical data were identified and applied in the beginning of the hospitalization, the CHS and SOF indexes that classified the patients as frail, pre-frail, or healthy. After the patient was discharged from the hospital, the outcome of the hospitalization was observed based on the medical records analysis (hospitalization period, complications and death during the hospitalization and rehospitalization). Clinical variables associations were carried out with the FS and between indexes. Results: The sample was composed by 98 patients, with an average age of 75,30±9,40, and 50% of them were female. The prevalence of the FS in the sample by the CHS index was 82.65% and 71.42% by the SOF index. A significant association was identified (p<0,05) between the age, the Body Mass Index (BMI) and previous hospitalizations with the FS. Regarding the outcomes, a significant association was observed (p<0,05) between the complications during the hospitalization, the hospitalization period, the death, the rehospitalization and the death during the rehospitalization with the FS. The CHS and SOF indexes presented a substantial agreement (K=0,6316). Conclusion: The sample presented a high prevalence of the FS. The elderly people considered frail were more inclined to present death outcome, greater number of complications during the hospitalization, longer hospitalization period and more rehospitalization than the patients considered non-frail.
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elderly, frail elderly, dependent elderly, hospitalization, idoso, idoso fragilizado, idoso dependente, hospitalização