Protocolo para uso de dados legados no mapeamento de solos do Planalto Ocidental Paulista
Carregando...
Data
2018-02-20
Autores
Silvero, Nélida Elizabet Quiñonez
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
São escassas as informações a respeito do recurso solo em escala adequada. Tais informações subsidiariam o estabelecimento de politicas públicas de uso e manejo e também o aprimoramento dos próprios mapas de solos. O presente trabalho tem por objetivo estabelecer um protocolo para o mapeamento de solos a partir de informações auxiliares e médias dos atributos do solo (diagnósticos e não diagnósticos). Foram coletadas 553 amostras de solo na profundidade de 0-0,20 m ao longo das rodovias do Estado de São Paulo, dentro do domínio geológico do Planalto Ocidental Paulista. Utilizaram-se informações de geologia, dissecação, pedologia e mapa de formas da paisagem, com diferentes escalas. Foram avaliados o conteúdo de argila, a suscetibilidade magnética, o ferro ditionito e o ferro oxalato, a hematita e a goethita, a caulinita e a gibbsita para cada informação auxiliar e para a união dessas informações. A variabilidade dos atributos foi estudada a partir de suas amplitudes (valores mínimo e máximo), e as médias foram utilizadas para o estabelecimento do protocolo. As amostras que representaram a mesma geologia, dissecação, pedologia e forma da paisagem foram concatenadas, dando como resultado 96 grupos. As médias destes grupos foram submetidas à análise de agrupamentos, visando a observar a estrutura dos dados e a diminuir a quantidade final de grupos. Os grupos obtidos a partir da análise de agrupamentos foram submetidos à análise geoestatística para a obtenção do mapa dos padrões espaciais. Os resultados mostraram diferenças marcantes dos atributos, principalmente para as informações geológicas e pedológicas. A análise de agrupamentos revelou a influência de cada informação na separação dos grupos. Para a área toda, foram delineados 11 grupos ou corpos de solos, considerando a distância euclidiana de (08) oito. Estes corpos de solos, considerados semelhantes pela análise de agrupamento, podem auxiliar na determinação de melhores locais para abertura de trincheiras e consequente levantamentos de solos. Este delineamento dos corpos de solos, além de considerar informações auxiliares e variabilidade dos atributos do solo, pode ajudar a diminuir a subjetividade associada ao mapeamento tradicional de solos.
Information about the soil resource is scarce in an adequate scale. This information would support the establishment of public policies of its use and management and as well the improvement of the soil maps. This work aim to establish a protocol for the design of soil bodies from soil data legacy and average information of diagnostic and non-diagnostic soil attributes. It was collected 553 soil samples from 0-0.20 depth along the highways of São Paulo State, within the geological province of the Western Plateau of São Paulo. Data from geology, geomorphology, pedology and landform maps were used. Clay content, magnetic susceptibility, oxalate and dithionite iron, hematite and goethite, kaolinite and gibbsite were assessed for each auxiliary information and for the union of these data. The variability of the attributes was analyzed through their amplitude (maximum and minimum values) and the means were used for the establishment of the protocol. Samples that presented the same geology, dissection, pedology and landform were concatenated, leading to 96 groups. The means of these groups were submitted to cluster analysis to evaluate the data structure and reduce the final number of groups. The groups obtained from cluster analysis were submitted to geostatistical analysis for the creation of isoline maps. The results indicated remarkable difference between the attributes mainly for the geological and pedological data. Cluster analysis revealed the influence of each information on group separation. For the whole area, 11 groups or soil bodies were designed, considering the Euclidian distance of (08) eight. These soil bodies, considered similar by the cluster analysis might help on the determination of the best places to open trenches and consequently for soil data collection. This design of soil bodies, in addition to consider auxiliary information and variability of soil attributes, might help to decrease the subjectivity associated to the traditional soil mapping.
Information about the soil resource is scarce in an adequate scale. This information would support the establishment of public policies of its use and management and as well the improvement of the soil maps. This work aim to establish a protocol for the design of soil bodies from soil data legacy and average information of diagnostic and non-diagnostic soil attributes. It was collected 553 soil samples from 0-0.20 depth along the highways of São Paulo State, within the geological province of the Western Plateau of São Paulo. Data from geology, geomorphology, pedology and landform maps were used. Clay content, magnetic susceptibility, oxalate and dithionite iron, hematite and goethite, kaolinite and gibbsite were assessed for each auxiliary information and for the union of these data. The variability of the attributes was analyzed through their amplitude (maximum and minimum values) and the means were used for the establishment of the protocol. Samples that presented the same geology, dissection, pedology and landform were concatenated, leading to 96 groups. The means of these groups were submitted to cluster analysis to evaluate the data structure and reduce the final number of groups. The groups obtained from cluster analysis were submitted to geostatistical analysis for the creation of isoline maps. The results indicated remarkable difference between the attributes mainly for the geological and pedological data. Cluster analysis revealed the influence of each information on group separation. For the whole area, 11 groups or soil bodies were designed, considering the Euclidian distance of (08) eight. These soil bodies, considered similar by the cluster analysis might help on the determination of the best places to open trenches and consequently for soil data collection. This design of soil bodies, in addition to consider auxiliary information and variability of soil attributes, might help to decrease the subjectivity associated to the traditional soil mapping.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
variabilidade espacial, pedometria, classificação de solos, pedodiversidade, relação solo-paisagem, spatial variability, pedometry, soil classification, pedodiversity, soillandscape relationship