Importância da inclusão do médico veterinário nos Núcleos de Apoio à Saúde da Família - NASF
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Data
2018-01-11
Autores
Nogueira, Carolina Silveira Lustosa
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
RESUMO - A Medicina Veterinária é reconhecida como profissão da área de saúde pelo Ministério da Saúde, no Brasil, desde 1998. A partir de 2011, os médicos veterinários passaram a integrar a lista de profissionais que podem compor as equipes de Núcleo de Apoio à Saúde da Família (NASF). O NASF foi criado para aumentar a resolubilidade da Atenção Primária em Saúde e deve ser constituído por equipe multiprofissional. Ainda são poucas as equipes de NASF, em todo o Brasil, que contam com o médico veterinário. O presente estudo foi idealizado com o intuito de demonstrar a importância da inclusão do médico veterinário no NASF, utilizando o Município de Franco da Rocha/SP como modelo para todo o país. Para tanto, foram avaliados dados epidemiológicos no período de 2008 a 2016, relativos aos casos humanos de quatro agravos de notificação compulsória intrinsicamente relacionados à atuação desse profissional, além da análise de situação das eSF do Município. Foram analisados os dados de acidentes com animais peçonhentos e por animais potencialmente transmissores da raiva, e dados de leptospirose e dengue. Para avaliar a situação das eSF, foram coletados dados das variáveis população total, número de eSF, cobertura populacional de eSF e número de NASFs. A partir do sistema de informações do DATASUS, foram confirmados no Município, para o período de estudo, 468 acidentes com animais peçonhentos; 2.844 acidentes por animais potencialmente transmissores da raiva; 5.051 casos de dengue; e 21 casos de leptospirose. Com relação ao número de eSF e cobertura populacional, no ano de 2008 eram cinco equipes, com cobertura de 14,2% da população, e no ano de 2016 passou a 24 equipes, com cobertura de 56,5%. Apenas um NASF foi implantado em 2015. Apesar do aumento da cobertura populacional no período, não foi observada redução na incidência dos agravos estudados. A inclusão do médico veterinário na Atenção Básica, particularmente no NASF, certamente contribuiria para melhorar esse quadro, visto que atuaria de forma interdisciplinar com enfermeiros, médicos, agentes comunitários de saúde e demais integrantes das eSF e eAB, com a finalidade de melhorar os problemas em saúde relacionados à interface humanos, animais e ambiente. O diagnóstico epidemiológico relativo a doenças e agravos de notificação compulsória é uma das primeiras etapas no planejamento das atividades do NASF para definição de prioridades, visto que o perfil epidemiológico tem como objetivo conhecer a situação de saúde da população por meio da análise dos dados disponíveis no sistema de notificação em saúde, proporcionando assim a visualização de ofertas concretas de ações que o médico veterinário poderá desenvolver na equipe multiprofissional do NASF, sempre com o intuito de prevenção de doenças e outros agravos, e promoção e proteção da saúde. Conclui-se, com este estudo, que o número atual de eSF no Município de Franco da Rocha/SP permite que seja criada mais uma equipe de NASF, demonstra a importância da inclusão do profissional médico veterinário e que, para tanto, é primordial o levantamento epidemiológico nos territórios que serão atendidos.
ABSTRACT - Veterinary Medicine has been recognized as a health profession by the Brazilian Ministry of Health since 1998. As of 2011, veterinarians have joined the list of professionals who can compose the teams of the Family Health Support Unit (NASF). NASF was created to increase the resolubility of Primary Health Care and should be made up of multiprofessional team. There are still few NASF teams in Brazil that count on the veterinarian. The present study was conceived with the intention of demonstrating the importance of the inclusion of the veterinarian in the NASF, using the Municipality of Franco da Rocha / SP as a model for the whole country. For that, epidemiological data were evaluated in the period from 2008 to 2016, related to the human cases of four compulsory notification agronomically related to the performance of this professional, in addition to the analysis of the situation of the FSS of the Municipality. Data were analyzed of accidents with venomous animals and animals potentially transmitting rabies, and data on leptospirosis and dengue. In order to evaluate the situation of FSUs, data were collected on the variables total population, eSF number, population coverage of eSF and number of NASFs. From the DATASUS information system, 468 accidents with venomous animals were confirmed in the municipality for the study period; 2,844 accidents by animals potentially transmitting rabies; 5,051 cases of dengue; and 21 cases of leptospirosis. With regard to the number of eSF and population coverage, in 2008 there were five teams, with a coverage of 14.2% of the population, and in the year 2016 it went to 24 teams, with coverage of 56.5%. Only one NASF was implanted in 2015. Despite the increase in population coverage in the period, no reduction in the incidence of the diseases studied was observed. The inclusion of the veterinarian in Primary Care, particularly in NASF, would certainly improve this situation, since it would act in an interdisciplinary way with nurses, doctors, community health agents and other members of the eSF and eAB, in order to improve the problems related to the human, animal and environmental interface. The epidemiological diagnosis of diseases and diseases of compulsory notification is one of the first steps in the planning of NASF activities to prioritize, since the epidemiological profile aims to know the health status of the population by analyzing the data available in the health notification system, thus providing the visualization of concrete offers of actions that the veterinarian can develop in the NASF multiprofessional team, always with the intention of prevention of diseases and other diseases, and promotion and protection of health. It is concluded, with this study, that the current number of eSF in the Municipality of Franco da Rocha / SP allows the creation of a further NASF team, demonstrates the importance of the inclusion of the veterinary medical professional and that, for that, the epidemiological survey in the territories that will be served.
ABSTRACT - Veterinary Medicine has been recognized as a health profession by the Brazilian Ministry of Health since 1998. As of 2011, veterinarians have joined the list of professionals who can compose the teams of the Family Health Support Unit (NASF). NASF was created to increase the resolubility of Primary Health Care and should be made up of multiprofessional team. There are still few NASF teams in Brazil that count on the veterinarian. The present study was conceived with the intention of demonstrating the importance of the inclusion of the veterinarian in the NASF, using the Municipality of Franco da Rocha / SP as a model for the whole country. For that, epidemiological data were evaluated in the period from 2008 to 2016, related to the human cases of four compulsory notification agronomically related to the performance of this professional, in addition to the analysis of the situation of the FSS of the Municipality. Data were analyzed of accidents with venomous animals and animals potentially transmitting rabies, and data on leptospirosis and dengue. In order to evaluate the situation of FSUs, data were collected on the variables total population, eSF number, population coverage of eSF and number of NASFs. From the DATASUS information system, 468 accidents with venomous animals were confirmed in the municipality for the study period; 2,844 accidents by animals potentially transmitting rabies; 5,051 cases of dengue; and 21 cases of leptospirosis. With regard to the number of eSF and population coverage, in 2008 there were five teams, with a coverage of 14.2% of the population, and in the year 2016 it went to 24 teams, with coverage of 56.5%. Only one NASF was implanted in 2015. Despite the increase in population coverage in the period, no reduction in the incidence of the diseases studied was observed. The inclusion of the veterinarian in Primary Care, particularly in NASF, would certainly improve this situation, since it would act in an interdisciplinary way with nurses, doctors, community health agents and other members of the eSF and eAB, in order to improve the problems related to the human, animal and environmental interface. The epidemiological diagnosis of diseases and diseases of compulsory notification is one of the first steps in the planning of NASF activities to prioritize, since the epidemiological profile aims to know the health status of the population by analyzing the data available in the health notification system, thus providing the visualization of concrete offers of actions that the veterinarian can develop in the NASF multiprofessional team, always with the intention of prevention of diseases and other diseases, and promotion and protection of health. It is concluded, with this study, that the current number of eSF in the Municipality of Franco da Rocha / SP allows the creation of a further NASF team, demonstrates the importance of the inclusion of the veterinary medical professional and that, for that, the epidemiological survey in the territories that will be served.
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Palavras-chave
Atenção Básica, Medicina Veterinária, Nasf_AB, Saúde Pública, Vigilância em Saúde, Veterinary Medicine, Public Health