Uma leitura da problemática da heroína em Madame Bovary, de Gustave Flaubert
Data
2018-02-06
Autores
Vacari, Priscila Duarte Baldini
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O presente trabalho teve por objetivo fazer uma leitura analítica da personagem central da obra Madame Bovary, a senhora Emma Bovary, discorrendo sobre três eixos fundamentais: os desacordos de Emma com o outro, consigo mesma e o conflito com o mundo. Nossa interpretação, tendo por base o ensaio de Vargas Llosa (2015) e a crítica de James Wood (2014), a observou como a personagem da consciência infeliz e do constante tédio e insatisfação pessoal. Dentre alguns aspectos, ela fugiria das figuras de tipo idealizado de conduta feminina que seriam conhecidas por intermédio das mulheres da sociedade burguesa europeia do século XIX, pois seus gestos e comportamentos, durante todo o romance, seriam marcados por uma ideia de “virilidade” (Vargas Llosa), que foge aos padrões românticos e bem comportados de figuração feminina. Tendo em vista tratarmos de um romance considerado uma “narrativa moderna de ficção” (James Wood), abordamos alguns apontamentos acerca da noção de modernidade e modernidade literária. Adentramos, também, em uma breve discussão acerca das teorias sobre o romance, enquanto gênero inacabado e realista, que representou a sociedade burguesa e fez emergir a figura do herói romanesco, um indivíduo problemático. Nesse sentido, a partir dos três desacordos analisados, apuramos a estratégia de Gustave Flaubert em utilizar uma mulher como precursora do que se configurou como herói problemático. Observamos, assim, como um dos grandes romances realistas do século XIX foi construído a partir de uma personagem com toda a complexidade de seus anseios, maneiras de agir e vontades, que acabou por se converter em uma das mais emblemáticas heroínas dos romances modernos.
The purpose of the present work was to do an analytical reading of the central character of Madame Bovary, Mrs. Emma Bovary, on three fundamental lines: Emma's disagreements with others, with herself and the conflict with the world. Our interpretation, based on Vargas Llosa's essay (2015) and James Wood's critique (2012), saw her as the character of unhappy consciousness, constant boredom and personal dissatisfaction. In some aspects, she would run away from idealized feminine-type characters that would be known through the women from the nineteenth-century European bourgeois society, because her gestures and behavior, throughout the novel, would be marked by an idea of "virility" (Vargas Llosa), which escapes the romantic and well-behaved patterns of feminine figuration. Knowing that the novel is considered a "modern narrative of fiction" (James Wood), we have approached some notes about the notion of modernity and literary modernity. We have also searched about a brief discussion of the theories of a romance, as an unfinished and realistic genre, that represented bourgeois society and came up with the image of the romantic hero, a problematic individual. That way, based on the three disagreements analyzed, we found out the great strategy of Gustave Flaubert in using a woman as a precursor of what was set as a problematic hero. Thus we can see how one of the great realist novels of the nineteenth-century was built up from a character with all the complexity of her yearnings, ways of acting and wills, which became one of the most emblematic heroines of modern novels.
The purpose of the present work was to do an analytical reading of the central character of Madame Bovary, Mrs. Emma Bovary, on three fundamental lines: Emma's disagreements with others, with herself and the conflict with the world. Our interpretation, based on Vargas Llosa's essay (2015) and James Wood's critique (2012), saw her as the character of unhappy consciousness, constant boredom and personal dissatisfaction. In some aspects, she would run away from idealized feminine-type characters that would be known through the women from the nineteenth-century European bourgeois society, because her gestures and behavior, throughout the novel, would be marked by an idea of "virility" (Vargas Llosa), which escapes the romantic and well-behaved patterns of feminine figuration. Knowing that the novel is considered a "modern narrative of fiction" (James Wood), we have approached some notes about the notion of modernity and literary modernity. We have also searched about a brief discussion of the theories of a romance, as an unfinished and realistic genre, that represented bourgeois society and came up with the image of the romantic hero, a problematic individual. That way, based on the three disagreements analyzed, we found out the great strategy of Gustave Flaubert in using a woman as a precursor of what was set as a problematic hero. Thus we can see how one of the great realist novels of the nineteenth-century was built up from a character with all the complexity of her yearnings, ways of acting and wills, which became one of the most emblematic heroines of modern novels.
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Palavras-chave
Madame Bovary, Gustave Flaubert, Heroína problemática, Modernidade, Romance, Problematic heroine, Modernity