Estudo do conexivo de Panstrongylus megistus, Triatoma dimidiata, Triatoma lenti e Triatoma rubrovaria (Hemiptera, Reduviidae, Triatominae).
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Data
2018-01-26
Autores
Garcia, Fábio Regis
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A doença de Chagas apresenta em sua cadeia epidemiológica hospedeiros invertebrados, que são os triatomíneos, insetos hematófagos que veiculam Trypanosoma cruzi, agente etiológico dessa zoonose. Devido à importância epidemiológica dos triatomíneos faz-se necessário um estudo detalhado sobre caracteres morfológicos e bioquímicos, buscando uma possível relação entre fatores endógenos, exógenos e sua capacidade vetorial. Nesta tese foi desenvolvido o estudo de metabólitos produzidos pelos triatomíneos, dentre esses os constituintes responsáveis pela coloração do conexivo de adultos de Panstrongylus megistus, Triatoma dimidiata, Triatoma lenti e Triatoma rubrovaria. Justifica-se a utilização dessas espécies, pois P. megistus e T. rubrovaria embora de gêneros distintos, apresentam a coloração vermelha no conexivo enquanto T. dimidiata e T. lenti contém em seus conexivos, manchas amarelas. Assim, a identificação das substâncias responsáveis pela coloração do conexivo dessas espécies será útil para determinações de novos marcadores taxonômicos e também para análises filogenéticas. Dessa forma, foram utilizadas várias metodologias experimentais para elucidar e caracterizar a constituição dos componentes pigmentados do conexivo. As análises feitas por microscopia eletrônica de varredura e microscopia eletrônica de transmissão acopladas com EDS permitiram a visualização e identificação de nanopartículas e elementos químicos. A identificação das nanopartículas foi feita por determinação e mensuração dos planos atômicos a partir das imagens geradas pela análise de MET em alta resolução. Foram identificadas por essas técnicas a existência de elementos químicos constituintes de nanopartículas, de sangue humano e de β-quitina. Os resultados obtidos permitem concluir que a coloração do conexivo se dá pelo fato de existir nessa estrutura substâncias distintas ou em concentrações diversas, entre as quais as nanopartículas e os elementos químicos que as constituem. As nanopartículas encontradas em P. megistus foram identificadas como Ti, em T. dimidiata como Ti2O3, em T. lenti como Fe2O3 e em T. rubrovaria como FeVO4.
Chagas disease presents in its epidemiological chain invertebrate hosts, which are the triatomines, hematophagous insects that carry Trypanosoma cruzi, etiological agent of this zoonosis. Due to the epidemiological importance of triatomines, a detailed study of morphological and biochemical characteristics is necessary, seeking a possible relationship between endogenous and exogenous factors and their vector capacity. In this thesis developed was the study of metabolites produced by triatomines, among them the constituents responsible for the coloring of the adult connexive of Panstrongylus megistus, Triatoma dimidiata, Triatoma lenti and Triatoma rubrovaria. The use of these species is justified because P. megistus and T. rubrovaria, although of different genera, have a red color in the connexive while T. dimidiata and T. lenti contain yellow spots on their connective tissue. The identification of the substances responsible for the coloring of the connective of these species will be useful for determinations of new taxonomic markers and for phylogenetic analyzes. In this way, several experimental methodologies were used to elucidate and characterize the constitution of the pigmented components of the connective tissue. The analyzes made by scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy coupled with EDS allowed the visualization and identification of nanoparticles and chemical elements. The identification of the nanoparticles was made by determination and measurement of the atomic planes from the images generated by the high resolution MET analysis. These techniques have identified the existence of chemical elements consisting of nanoparticles, human blood and β-chitin. The results obtained allow us to conclude that the color of the connective is because of different substances or in different concentrations, among them the nanoparticles and the chemical elements that constitute them. The nanoparticles found in P. megistus were identified as Ti, in T. dimidiata as Ti2O3, in T. lenti as Fe2O3 and in T. rubrovaria as FeVO4.
Chagas disease presents in its epidemiological chain invertebrate hosts, which are the triatomines, hematophagous insects that carry Trypanosoma cruzi, etiological agent of this zoonosis. Due to the epidemiological importance of triatomines, a detailed study of morphological and biochemical characteristics is necessary, seeking a possible relationship between endogenous and exogenous factors and their vector capacity. In this thesis developed was the study of metabolites produced by triatomines, among them the constituents responsible for the coloring of the adult connexive of Panstrongylus megistus, Triatoma dimidiata, Triatoma lenti and Triatoma rubrovaria. The use of these species is justified because P. megistus and T. rubrovaria, although of different genera, have a red color in the connexive while T. dimidiata and T. lenti contain yellow spots on their connective tissue. The identification of the substances responsible for the coloring of the connective of these species will be useful for determinations of new taxonomic markers and for phylogenetic analyzes. In this way, several experimental methodologies were used to elucidate and characterize the constitution of the pigmented components of the connective tissue. The analyzes made by scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy coupled with EDS allowed the visualization and identification of nanoparticles and chemical elements. The identification of the nanoparticles was made by determination and measurement of the atomic planes from the images generated by the high resolution MET analysis. These techniques have identified the existence of chemical elements consisting of nanoparticles, human blood and β-chitin. The results obtained allow us to conclude that the color of the connective is because of different substances or in different concentrations, among them the nanoparticles and the chemical elements that constitute them. The nanoparticles found in P. megistus were identified as Ti, in T. dimidiata as Ti2O3, in T. lenti as Fe2O3 and in T. rubrovaria as FeVO4.
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Palavras-chave
Conexivo, Pigmentos, Nanopartículas, Triatominae, Connexive, Pigments, Nanoparticles