Desenvolvimento de um dispositivo para avaliação objetiva da expansão do casco do equino à locomoção
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Data
2018-02-09
Autores
Grassi, Rodrigo Antonio Ezias
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O cavalo (Equus caballus) sofreu mudanças evolutivas do Eohypus com adaptações na locomoção para andamentos em diferentes velocidades. Em semelhança a outros ungulados a porção distal dos equinos é protegido pelo casco. O casco é estrutura córnea complexa que tem relação direta à saúde destes animais, é a parte protetora estrutural e funcional do sistema locomotor do equino, e tem ação direta sobre o retorno sanguíneo dos membros ao coração. Ao apoiar o casco sobre o solo, o animal pressiona as estruturas podais que promovem a expansão medial e lateral do casco. Considerando tais alterações no formato do casco nos momentos de apoio e elevação durante a locomoção, apresenta-se um sistema físico de precisão que analisa objetivamente a deformação dos cascos durante a locomoção, estabelecendo-se uma avaliação física e matemática das mudanças do formato do casco à locomoção. Foi desenvolvida uma placa de circuito impresso para se encaixar na plataforma embarcada Arduino (shield), esse dispositivo faz o processamento dos sinais adquiridos pelos sensores fixados nos cascos, e os enviam a um computador com uma taxa de amostragem a 200 Hz. Um software escrito na linguagem de programação Python recebe os dados, exibe-os em tempo real e os armazenam em arquivos para análises. Para realizar o teste in vitro foi criado um protótipo de um casco em PVC. Os testes in vivo foram feitos em quatro animais, o quais foram conduzidos em dois tipos diferentes de solo (asfalto e grama). O resultado demonstrou e comprovou o funcionamento do equipamento, possibilitou mapear a deformação estrutural dos quatro cascos simultaneamente durante a locomoção do animal, tornou possível a dedução da forma em que o animal exerce o peso sobre o membro ao apoiá-lo ao solo.
The horse (Equus caballus) underwent evolutionary changes of Eohypus with adaptati- ons in locomotion for different speeds. In similarity to other angulated distal equine is protected by the hoof. The hoof is a complex cornea structure that is directly related to the health of these animals, it is the structural and functional protective part of the equine locomotor system, and has direct action on the blood return of the limbs to the heart. By supporting the hoof on the ground, the animal presses the foot structures that promote the medial and lateral expansion of the hoof. Considering such changes in the shape of the hoof during moments of support and elevation during locomotion, a physical precision system is presented that objectively analyzes the deformation of the hooves during the locomotion, establishing a physical and mathematical evaluation of the changes of the shape of the hoof to locomotion. A printed circuit board was developed to fit the Arduino embedded platform (shield), this device processes the signals acquired by the sensors attached to the hooves and sends them to a computer with a sampling rate of 200 Hz. Software written in the Python programming language receives the data, displays it in real time, and stores it in files for analysis. For the in vitro test a prototype of a PVC hoof was created. In vivo tests were performed on four animals, which were conducted on two different types of soil (asphalt and grass). The result demonstrated and proved the operation of the equipment, made it possible to map the structural deformation of the four hooves simultaneously during the locomotion of the animal, made it possible to deduce the way in which the animal exerts weight on the limb by supporting it to the ground.
The horse (Equus caballus) underwent evolutionary changes of Eohypus with adaptati- ons in locomotion for different speeds. In similarity to other angulated distal equine is protected by the hoof. The hoof is a complex cornea structure that is directly related to the health of these animals, it is the structural and functional protective part of the equine locomotor system, and has direct action on the blood return of the limbs to the heart. By supporting the hoof on the ground, the animal presses the foot structures that promote the medial and lateral expansion of the hoof. Considering such changes in the shape of the hoof during moments of support and elevation during locomotion, a physical precision system is presented that objectively analyzes the deformation of the hooves during the locomotion, establishing a physical and mathematical evaluation of the changes of the shape of the hoof to locomotion. A printed circuit board was developed to fit the Arduino embedded platform (shield), this device processes the signals acquired by the sensors attached to the hooves and sends them to a computer with a sampling rate of 200 Hz. Software written in the Python programming language receives the data, displays it in real time, and stores it in files for analysis. For the in vitro test a prototype of a PVC hoof was created. In vivo tests were performed on four animals, which were conducted on two different types of soil (asphalt and grass). The result demonstrated and proved the operation of the equipment, made it possible to map the structural deformation of the four hooves simultaneously during the locomotion of the animal, made it possible to deduce the way in which the animal exerts weight on the limb by supporting it to the ground.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
cavalo, casco, expansão, arduino, sensor flexível, dispositivo, horse, hoof, flex sensor, expansion, device, locomoção, locomotion