Extração de energia através da técnica power harvesting baseada em vibrações mecânicas e transdutores piezelétricos
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Data
2018-03-02
Autores
Souza, Flavilene da Silva
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Neste trabalho foram realizados estudos, análises, simulações e implementações de um sistema de power harvesting utilizando transdutores piezelétricos, com o objetivo de extrair a máxima potência. A fim de alcançar tal objetivo, o sistema mecânico e a interface elétrica foram analisados com foco na quantidade de potência extraída. Com os resultados básicos desses estudos, tem-se que o desempenho de tais sistemas depende da interação eletromecânica, da deformação, da frequência de excitação e da carga conectada. Com exceção do último, esses parâmetros não interferem no modelo tradicional de simulação no SPICE. Para aprimorar os resultados da simulação, foi proposta uma metodologia para a modelagem do sistema mecânico com a interface elétrica, implementada e avaliada em MATLAB/Simulink e em SPICE com VHDL-AMS. Além disso, um novo circuito eletrônico, denominado Conversor Direto CA-CC com Chaveamento Sincronizado - CDCS, foi projetado para maximizar a potência média extraída e reduzir sua dependência com a frequência de excitação e com a carga conectada. Os resultados das simulações foram comparados com dados experimentais para os circuitos eletrônicos retificador em ponte e SSHI em paralelo. A modelagem desenvolvida em SPICE com VHDL-AMS apresentou melhores resultados, pois permite uma modelagem mais precisa dos componentes eletrônicos sem comprometer o domínio mecânico. Comparado com três circuitos existentes na literatura (retificador em ponte, SSHI em paralelo e SECE), o circuito proposto obteve os maiores valores de potência extraída (102 µW) e de eficiência (70 %), além de apresentar resultados satisfatórios na faixa de operação da carga (1 kΩ - 1 MΩ) e largura de banda (6,0 Hz).
In this work studies, analysis, simulations and the implementation of power harvesting system using piezoelectric transducer were done aiming to extract its maximum power. In order to achieve this goal, the mechanical system and electrical interface were analyzed especially focused on the amount of power that can be able to extracted. The conclusion of these studies was that the system performance depends of the electromechanical interaction, deformation, excitation frequency and the connected load. Except for the latter, these parameters does not interfered in the standard model by SPICE. To improve the simulation results, a novel methodology for modeling the mechanical system with electrical interface was proposed. It was implemented and evaluated in MATLAB/Simulink and in SPICE with VHDL-AMS. In addition, a new electronic circuit, well know as Direct AC-DC Converter with Synchronous Switch (CDSS), was designed to improve the extract power and the response at the frequency of excitation and the connected load. The simulation results were compared with experimental data for the electronic circuits: bridge rectifier and P-SSHI. The SPICE with VHDL-AMS model offered the best results, since it allows accurate model for the electrical component without compromising the mechanical system. The performance of the proposed circuit was compared with three electronic circuits (bridge rectifier, P-SSHI and SECE). The results show that the proposed circuit presented the higher power extracted (102 μW) and of efficiency (70%). In addition, both the resistance range (1 kΩ - 1 MΩ) and the bandwidth (6,0 Hz) were improved.
In this work studies, analysis, simulations and the implementation of power harvesting system using piezoelectric transducer were done aiming to extract its maximum power. In order to achieve this goal, the mechanical system and electrical interface were analyzed especially focused on the amount of power that can be able to extracted. The conclusion of these studies was that the system performance depends of the electromechanical interaction, deformation, excitation frequency and the connected load. Except for the latter, these parameters does not interfered in the standard model by SPICE. To improve the simulation results, a novel methodology for modeling the mechanical system with electrical interface was proposed. It was implemented and evaluated in MATLAB/Simulink and in SPICE with VHDL-AMS. In addition, a new electronic circuit, well know as Direct AC-DC Converter with Synchronous Switch (CDSS), was designed to improve the extract power and the response at the frequency of excitation and the connected load. The simulation results were compared with experimental data for the electronic circuits: bridge rectifier and P-SSHI. The SPICE with VHDL-AMS model offered the best results, since it allows accurate model for the electrical component without compromising the mechanical system. The performance of the proposed circuit was compared with three electronic circuits (bridge rectifier, P-SSHI and SECE). The results show that the proposed circuit presented the higher power extracted (102 μW) and of efficiency (70%). In addition, both the resistance range (1 kΩ - 1 MΩ) and the bandwidth (6,0 Hz) were improved.
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Palavras-chave
Sistema de power harvesting, Transdutor piezelétrico, Modelos para simulação, Circuitos eletrônicos, Máxima extração de potência, Power harvesting system, Piezoelectric transducer, Simulation models, Electronic circuits, Maximum extracted power