A construção de valores orientada pela metodologia callejera na educação física escolar
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Data
2018-02-22
Autores
Castro, Lígia Estronioli de
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Idealizado na Argentina, o Fútbol Callejero se assenta numa concepção de ensino que valoriza comportamentos solidários, respeitosos e cooperativos, com a participação de times mistos e a ausência de árbitros, materializando um modo bastante peculiar de pensar o esporte. Nesse sentido, com o intuito de dar maior visibilidade às novas possibilidades relacionadas ao ensino do esporte e contribuir para que sejam incorporados outros aspectos no que tange aos saberes atitudinais, a presente pesquisa teve como objetivo analisar os desdobramentos de um processo de intervenção com o conteúdo futebol, inspirado na Metodologia Callejera, nas aulas de Educação Física escolar. A metodologia, assentada na abordagem qualitativa, se constituiu por uma pesquisa-ação. Participaram do estudo 34 alunos do 9º ano do ensino fundamental anos finais de uma escola pública estadual do interior paulista. Foram realizadas 15 intervenções no total, num período de aproximadamente cinco meses, correspondente a um semestre letivo. As técnicas de coleta dos dados envolveram: observações das aulas registradas em diários e entrevistas respondidas pelos alunos. Esse último instrumento foi gravado e transcrito pela pesquisadora, para que se pudessem analisar os discursos proferidos pelos estudantes e auxiliar nas intervenções. Após leitura intensa dos dados e articulação com a literatura, foram construídas três categorias de análises, a saber: 1. A construção de valores mediada pela Metodologia Callejera. 2. Estrutura e dinâmica da Metodologia Callejera. 3. Desafios e possibilidades da Metodologia Callejera na escola. Dentre os resultados mais destacados, salientamos a boa receptividade dos alunos à Metodologia Callejera, o que envolveu a propensão por aulas mistas e a manifestação de atitudes sensatas por parte dos alunos. No que diz respeito às partidas, dois fatores se mostraram mais perceptíveis: as tomadas de decisões compartilhadas em grandes grupos e a comunicação mais efetiva entre os jogadores, contribuindo para melhora da qualidade do jogo. Essas conquistas demandaram um planejamento e alguns ajustes ao longo da intervenção, de modo que nos fosse possibilitado identificar mudanças junto às atitudes dos alunos participantes.
Idealized in Argentina, the Fútbol Callejero is based on a teaching concept that values solidarity, respectful and cooperative behavior, with mixed teams’ participation and the absence of referees, materializing a very peculiar way of thinking about the sport. In this sense, in order to give greater visibility to new possibilities related to the teaching of the sport and contribute with the incorporation of other aspects in relation to attitudinal knowledge, the present research had the objective of analyzing the unfolding of an intervention process with the content soccer, inspired by the methodology Callejera, in the School Physical Education’ classes. The methodology, based on the qualitative approach, consists of an action research. Thirty-four students from the 9th year of elementary school, the final year of a state public school in the state of São Paulo, took part of this study. A total of 15 interventions were carried out over a period of approximately five months, corresponding to one term (six months). The techniques of data collection involved: observations of classes, recorded in diarie and interviews answered by the students. This last instrument was recorded and transcribed by the researcher, so that it was possible to analyze the speeches given by the students and help in the interventions. After intense reading of the data and articulation with the literature, three categories of analyzes were constructed, namely: 1. The construction of values mediated by the methodology Callejera. 2. Structure and dynamics of the Callejera methodology. 3. Challenges and possibilities of the Callejera methodology in school. Among the most outstanding results, we emphasize the students' good receptivity to the Callejera methodology, which involved the propensity for mixed classes and the manifestation of peaceful attitudes by the students. Regarding the games, two factors were more noticeable: shared decision-making in large groups and more effective communication among players, contributing to the improvement of game quality. These achievements demanded planning and some adjustments throughout the intervention, so that we would be able to identify changes in the students' attitudes.
Idealized in Argentina, the Fútbol Callejero is based on a teaching concept that values solidarity, respectful and cooperative behavior, with mixed teams’ participation and the absence of referees, materializing a very peculiar way of thinking about the sport. In this sense, in order to give greater visibility to new possibilities related to the teaching of the sport and contribute with the incorporation of other aspects in relation to attitudinal knowledge, the present research had the objective of analyzing the unfolding of an intervention process with the content soccer, inspired by the methodology Callejera, in the School Physical Education’ classes. The methodology, based on the qualitative approach, consists of an action research. Thirty-four students from the 9th year of elementary school, the final year of a state public school in the state of São Paulo, took part of this study. A total of 15 interventions were carried out over a period of approximately five months, corresponding to one term (six months). The techniques of data collection involved: observations of classes, recorded in diarie and interviews answered by the students. This last instrument was recorded and transcribed by the researcher, so that it was possible to analyze the speeches given by the students and help in the interventions. After intense reading of the data and articulation with the literature, three categories of analyzes were constructed, namely: 1. The construction of values mediated by the methodology Callejera. 2. Structure and dynamics of the Callejera methodology. 3. Challenges and possibilities of the Callejera methodology in school. Among the most outstanding results, we emphasize the students' good receptivity to the Callejera methodology, which involved the propensity for mixed classes and the manifestation of peaceful attitudes by the students. Regarding the games, two factors were more noticeable: shared decision-making in large groups and more effective communication among players, contributing to the improvement of game quality. These achievements demanded planning and some adjustments throughout the intervention, so that we would be able to identify changes in the students' attitudes.
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Palavras-chave
Educação física escolar, Metologia callejera, Valores, School physical education, Futból callejero, Methodology