Aplicação do método TIMBRE para gerenciamento de área contaminada por atividade cerâmica: estudo de caso na Região dos Lagos no município de Santa Gertrudes (RLSG), Estado de São Paulo
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Data
2018-04-18
Autores
Santos, Carolina Reame [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Diversas mudanças nos modelos sociais e econômicos desenvolvidos nas cidades podem, muitas vezes, criar ambientes insustentáveis do ponto de vista ambiental. É o caso do surgimento de brownfields, áreas que possuíam uma função anterior, e que por motivos geralmente econômicos, são abandonadas, podendo herdar passivos ambientais. Porém, estes espaços podem ser descontaminados, reutilizados e adquirir nova função. Depois de realizar diversos projetos de remediação de áreas contaminadas, um consórcio da União Europeia criou o Tailored Improvement of Brownfield Regeneration in Europe (TIMBRE) projeto que tem o objetivo de remediar áreas contaminadas levando em consideração aspectos do meio físico e socioeconômico, se adaptando à realidade dos locais e às necessidades dos envolvidos. Nesse sentido, a presente dissertação teve o objetivo de aplicar o método TIMBRE de forma simplificada na Região dos Lagos de Santa Gertrudes (RLSG), considerando as investigações ambientais já realizadas na área e instrumentos de planejamento urbano e territorial, visando a elaboração de uma proposta de gerenciamento ambiental. Após o levantamento bibliográfico inicial, que possibilitou o conhecimento da situação legal sobre áreas contaminadas no país, especialmente no Estado de São Paulo, foi possível caracterizar a área de estudo em aspectos físicos e socioambientais. Após a interpolação dos dados obtidos nessa etapa para o método TIMBRE, foi possível elaborar três categorias de análise nos resultados, sendo um banco de dados bibliográfico, a questão do planejamento urbano e territorial no município de Santa Gertrudes e a caracterização da contaminação existente na RLSG. Os resultados possibilitaram a elaboração de uma proposta de gerenciamento ambiental que, ao utilizar os instrumentos de planejamento, enfatizou a adaptabilidade do método à realidade brasileira, contribuindo para uma gestão integrada da área ao unir diversos setores da sociedade.
Various changes in the social and economic models developed in cities can often create environmentally unsustainable environments. It is the case of the emergence of brownfields, areas that had a previous function, and for economic reasons, are abandoned, being able to inherit environmental liabilities. However, these sites can be decontaminated, reused and acquire new functions. After undertaking several remediation projects for contaminated sites, the European Union created a consortium named Tailored Improvement of Brownfield Regeneration in Europe (TIMBRE) project which aims to remedy contaminated areas taking into account aspects of the physical and socioeconomic environment, adapting to the reality of the sites and the needs of those involved. In this sense, this dissertation aimed to apply the TIMBRE method in a simplified way in the Santa Gertrudes Lake Region (RLSG), considering the environmental investigations already carried out in the area and instruments of urban and territorial planning, aiming at the elaboration of an environmental management proposal. After the initial bibliographic survey, which enabled the knowledge of the legal situation on contaminated areas in Brazil, especially in the State of São Paulo, it was possible to characterize the study area in physical and socio-environmental aspects. After the interpolation of the data obtained in the previous step for the TIMBRE method, it was possible to elaborate three categories of analysis in the results, being a bibliographic database, the question of the urban and territorial planning in the municipality of Santa Gertrudes and the characterization of the existing contamination in the RLSG. The results allowed the elaboration of an environmental management proposal that, when using the planning instruments, emphasized the adaptability of the method to the Brazilian reality, contributing to an integrated management of the area by uniting diverse sectors of society.
Various changes in the social and economic models developed in cities can often create environmentally unsustainable environments. It is the case of the emergence of brownfields, areas that had a previous function, and for economic reasons, are abandoned, being able to inherit environmental liabilities. However, these sites can be decontaminated, reused and acquire new functions. After undertaking several remediation projects for contaminated sites, the European Union created a consortium named Tailored Improvement of Brownfield Regeneration in Europe (TIMBRE) project which aims to remedy contaminated areas taking into account aspects of the physical and socioeconomic environment, adapting to the reality of the sites and the needs of those involved. In this sense, this dissertation aimed to apply the TIMBRE method in a simplified way in the Santa Gertrudes Lake Region (RLSG), considering the environmental investigations already carried out in the area and instruments of urban and territorial planning, aiming at the elaboration of an environmental management proposal. After the initial bibliographic survey, which enabled the knowledge of the legal situation on contaminated areas in Brazil, especially in the State of São Paulo, it was possible to characterize the study area in physical and socio-environmental aspects. After the interpolation of the data obtained in the previous step for the TIMBRE method, it was possible to elaborate three categories of analysis in the results, being a bibliographic database, the question of the urban and territorial planning in the municipality of Santa Gertrudes and the characterization of the existing contamination in the RLSG. The results allowed the elaboration of an environmental management proposal that, when using the planning instruments, emphasized the adaptability of the method to the Brazilian reality, contributing to an integrated management of the area by uniting diverse sectors of society.
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Palavras-chave
Áreas contaminadas, Brownfield, Planejamento ambiental, Planejamento urbano, TIMBRE, Brownfield, Contaminated sites, Environmental planning, Urban planning,