Atividade in vitro de óleos essenciais contra Neoechynorhynchus buttnerae de tambaqui e seus efeitos no hospedeiro
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Data
2018-06-06
Autores
Salaro, Rodrigo Eduardo Goulart
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O tambaqui é uma espécie nativa do Brasil, cuja criação tem se intensificado nos últimos anos, especialmente na região norte do país. Juntamente com essa intensificação, as parasitoses vêm crescendo, sendo Neoechynorhynchus buttnerae um endoparasita que tem impactado fortemente a atividade. Substâncias registradas para outras finalidades e espécies têm sido amplamente utilizadas na tentativa de controlar o problema, com consequências potencialmente negativas para o meio ambiente, à saúde humana e animal. Neste contexto, o uso de fitoterápicos representa um recurso no controle da parasitose por N. buttnerae. Assim, este trabalho avaliou a eficácia antiparasitária in vitro dos óleos essenciais (OE) de Mentha piperita, Melaleuca alternifolia, Ocimum basilicum, Thymus vulgaris e Allium sativumcontra N. buttnerae de tambaqui. As concentrações testadas para cada óleo foram 50mg/L, 100mg/L, 200mg/L e 400mg/L, e a morte dos parasitos avaliada a cada 15 minutos durante duas horas. Adicionalmente, analisou-se o efeito da inclusão de OE de T. vulgaris à ração, nos níveis de 1%, 2%, e 3%, durante 15 dias, sobre a saúde dos peixes. Os resultados demonstraram que o T. Vulgaris foi o mais eficaz contra acantocéfalos entre os compostos testados, e não provocou alterações hematológicas ou bioquímicas nos peixes. Assim, o OE de Thymus vulgaris pode ser considerado promissor na prevenção e no tratamento de acantocéfalos em tambaqui.
Tambaqui is a native Brazilian specie that the production has intensified in years, especially in the north region. Along with this intensification, the parasitosis have been growing, being Neoechynorhynchus buttnerae, an endoparasite that has strongly impacted the activity. Substances registered for other purposes and species have been widely used, with potentially negative consequences for the environment, human, and animal health. In this context, the use of phytotherapics represents a resource in the control of N. buttnerae parasitosis. This work evaluated the in vitro antiparasitic efficacy of essential oils (EO) of Mentha piperita, Melaleuca alternifolia, Ocimum basilicum, Thymus vulgaris and Allium sativum against N. buttneraein tambaqui. The concentrations tested of each oil were 50mg/L, 100mg/L, 200mg/L and 400mg/L, and the parasite death was evaluated every 15 minutes for two hours. Additionally, the effect of inclusion of T. vulgaris EO on the diet at 1%, 2%, and 3% for 15 days on fish health was analyzed. The results showed that T. vulgaris was the most effective against acanthocephans among the tested compounds and did not cause hematological or biochemical changes in fish. Thus, Thymus vulgaris OE may be considered promising in the prevention and the treatment against acanthocephalosys in tambaqui
Tambaqui is a native Brazilian specie that the production has intensified in years, especially in the north region. Along with this intensification, the parasitosis have been growing, being Neoechynorhynchus buttnerae, an endoparasite that has strongly impacted the activity. Substances registered for other purposes and species have been widely used, with potentially negative consequences for the environment, human, and animal health. In this context, the use of phytotherapics represents a resource in the control of N. buttnerae parasitosis. This work evaluated the in vitro antiparasitic efficacy of essential oils (EO) of Mentha piperita, Melaleuca alternifolia, Ocimum basilicum, Thymus vulgaris and Allium sativum against N. buttneraein tambaqui. The concentrations tested of each oil were 50mg/L, 100mg/L, 200mg/L and 400mg/L, and the parasite death was evaluated every 15 minutes for two hours. Additionally, the effect of inclusion of T. vulgaris EO on the diet at 1%, 2%, and 3% for 15 days on fish health was analyzed. The results showed that T. vulgaris was the most effective against acanthocephans among the tested compounds and did not cause hematological or biochemical changes in fish. Thus, Thymus vulgaris OE may be considered promising in the prevention and the treatment against acanthocephalosys in tambaqui
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Palavras-chave
Colossoma macropomum, Acanthocephala, Aquicultura, Phytotherapics, Antihelmintic, Aquaculture