Estudo prospectivo dos efeitos da redução de peso: aspectos emocionais, cognitivos e auto-eficácia
Carregando...
Data
2018-06-13
Autores
Montalvão, Joana Santos
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A cirurgia bariátrica (CB) tem se tornado uma prática cada vez mais utilizada no tratamento da obesidade grau III, por auxiliar na redução do peso e eliminação ou diminuição das comorbidades. Por outro lado, pouco se sabe sobre seus efeitos com relação ao funcionamento biopsicossocial. A presente pesquisa consiste de um estudo prospectivo dos efeitos da redução de peso rápida (CB) ou lenta (dieta), nos aspectos emocionais, cognitivos, de autoeficácia e qualidade de vida, em pessoas com obesidade grau III avaliadas em dois momentos em um intervalo de três meses. Participaram do estudo 58 indivíduos com obesidade grau II e III, de ambos os sexos, com idade superior a 20 e inferior a 60 anos, avaliados quantos aos sintomas depressivos e ansiosos, funções executivas, autoeficácia geral, autoeficácia para regular hábitos alimentares e qualidade de vida. No estudo transversal a amostra total (n=58) foi dividida em dois grupos, GJ (Grupo Jovem) e GM (Grupo Maduro) para análise da influência da idade sobre as variáveis. No estudo prospectivo os pacientes participantes foram divididos em dois grupos CB (tratados por cirurgia bariátrica) e o NCB (tratados por dieta). O estudo transversal indicou que o GJ apresentou um melhor desempenho na memória operacional no subsistema visuoespacial quando comparado ao GM, não houve diferenças nos demais quesitos. O estudo prospectivo revelou que os pacientes do grupo CB apresentaram melhoras nos sintomas depressivos e de ansiedade, assim como apresentaram escores mais positivos com relação à avaliação da qualidade de vida e melhoras na memória operacional, assim como, na avaliação da autoeficácia quando comparados aos pacientes do grupo NCB. A melhora do grupo NCB foi restrita à autoeficácia para regular hábitos alimentares. Em conclusão a obesidade grau III parece contribuir para o prejuízo na memória operacional a partir dos 40 anos. A redução de peso rápida tende a reduzir os sintomas ansiosos e depressivos, bem como melhora a autoeficácia para regular hábitos alimentares, a percepção da qualidade de vida, e a memória operacional. O tratamento dietético parece ser responsável pela melhora na autoeficácia para regular hábitos alimentares em indivíduos que esperavam pela cirurgia bariátrica.
Bariatriac surgery (BS) has become an increasingly used procedure in the treatment of class III obesity, as this surgery helps to lose weight while eliminate or reduce comorbidities. On the other hand, little is known about its effects on an individual's biopsychosocial functioning. The present research contrasts fast weight loss (BS) and slow weight loss (diet) effects in emotional, cognitive, self-efficacy and life quality aspects in people with morbid obesity assessed in two moments over a three-month interval. Participants were 58 individuals from both genders, aged 20 to 60 years, with class II and III obesity assessed regarding depression and anxiety symptoms, executive functions, general self-efficacy, self-efficacy to regulate eating habits and quality of life. In the cross-sectional study, the sample was divided into two groups, YG (Young Group) and MG (Mature Group), for age analysis over the variables. In the prospective study, the patients were divided into two groups: BS (treated by bariatic surgery) and NBS (treated by diet). The cross-sectional study indicated that MG had better performance in working memory in the visuospatial subsystem when compared to MG – no differences were found in other inquiries. The prospective study revealed that BS patients had improvements in depression and anxiety symptoms, more positive scores regarding quality oflife, improvements in working memory and self-efficacy assessment when compared to NBS patients. Benefits in NBS group were restrict to self-efficacy to regulate eating habits. Thus, morbid obesity seems to contribute to harm in working memory of 40 year-old people and older. Fast weight loss reduces anxiety and depressive symptoms, as well as enhances self-efficacy to regulate eating habits, life quality perception and visuospatial memory. Dietetic treatment seems to be responsible for improvement in self-efficacy to regulate eating habits in individuals waiting to undergo bariatric surgery.
Bariatriac surgery (BS) has become an increasingly used procedure in the treatment of class III obesity, as this surgery helps to lose weight while eliminate or reduce comorbidities. On the other hand, little is known about its effects on an individual's biopsychosocial functioning. The present research contrasts fast weight loss (BS) and slow weight loss (diet) effects in emotional, cognitive, self-efficacy and life quality aspects in people with morbid obesity assessed in two moments over a three-month interval. Participants were 58 individuals from both genders, aged 20 to 60 years, with class II and III obesity assessed regarding depression and anxiety symptoms, executive functions, general self-efficacy, self-efficacy to regulate eating habits and quality of life. In the cross-sectional study, the sample was divided into two groups, YG (Young Group) and MG (Mature Group), for age analysis over the variables. In the prospective study, the patients were divided into two groups: BS (treated by bariatic surgery) and NBS (treated by diet). The cross-sectional study indicated that MG had better performance in working memory in the visuospatial subsystem when compared to MG – no differences were found in other inquiries. The prospective study revealed that BS patients had improvements in depression and anxiety symptoms, more positive scores regarding quality oflife, improvements in working memory and self-efficacy assessment when compared to NBS patients. Benefits in NBS group were restrict to self-efficacy to regulate eating habits. Thus, morbid obesity seems to contribute to harm in working memory of 40 year-old people and older. Fast weight loss reduces anxiety and depressive symptoms, as well as enhances self-efficacy to regulate eating habits, life quality perception and visuospatial memory. Dietetic treatment seems to be responsible for improvement in self-efficacy to regulate eating habits in individuals waiting to undergo bariatric surgery.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Cirurgia bariátrica, Memória operacional, Neuropsicologia, Autoeficácia, Obesidade, Bariatric surgery, Working memory, Neuropsychology, Self-efficacy, Obesity