Aspectos ético-estético-políticos da mousiké na paideia de Platão: contribuições das utopias para uma formação humana na contemporaneidade
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Data
2018-06-29
Autores
Roitberg, Guilherme Prado [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
As discussões acerca do processo de formação do homem grego na Antiguidade relacionaram-se intimamente com o surgimento de diferentes propostas educacionais em Atenas, especialmente durante o período de consolidação da pólis. Nesse contexto, o filósofo Platão (427-347 a.C.) teve um papel fundamental na formulação de um novo ideal formativo, contrapondo-se à paideia poética dos sofistas e debruçando-se, sobretudo, na formação da juventude com base nos questionamentos éticos estruturados a partir dos diálogos socráticos. Ao formular as diretrizes de seu Estado ideal nas obras A República e As Leis, Platão concebeu a mousiké como elemento central na formação dos cidadãos e a educação ético-estético-política como um dos eixos norteadores de sua paideia. Extrapolando os limites geográficos e temporais da pólis grega e da sociedade utópica elaborada pelo filósofo ateniense, os elementos paidêuticos do ideal de formação helênico foram reelaborados em outros contextos históricos - com destaque para a formação cultural alemã (Bildung) - chegando às discussões sobre o papel da paideia crítica na Educação contemporânea. Posto isso, considerando a longa duração da paideia enquanto utopia formativa, o presente trabalho analisará as relações entre mousiké e formação na paideia política de Platão, bem como as contribuições das utopias e da educação ético-estético-política para a formação humana na contemporaneidade.
The discussions about the formation process of the Greek man in Antiquity were intimately related to the emergence of different educational proposals in Athens, especially during the period of consolidation of the polis. In this context, the philosopher Plato (427-347 BC) played a fundamental role in the formulation of a new formative ideal, in opposition to the poetic paideia of the sophists and focusing, above all, on the formation of youth on the basis of ethical questions structured from the Socratic dialogues. In formulating the directives of his ideal State, present in the Republic and the Laws, Plato conceived the mousiké as a central element in the formation of the citizens and the ethical-aesthetic-political education as one of the guiding axes of his paideia. Going beyond the geographical and temporal limits of the Greek polis and the utopian society elaborated by the Athenian philosopher, the paideutic elements of the ideal of Hellenic formation were reworked in other historical contexts - with emphasis on the German cultural formation (Bildung) - reaching the discussions on the role of the critical paideia in contemporary education. Considering the long duration of paideia as formative utopia, the present work will analyze the relation between mousiké and formation in Plato's political paideia, as well as the contributions of utopias and ethical-aesthetic-political education to a human formation in the contemporary world.
The discussions about the formation process of the Greek man in Antiquity were intimately related to the emergence of different educational proposals in Athens, especially during the period of consolidation of the polis. In this context, the philosopher Plato (427-347 BC) played a fundamental role in the formulation of a new formative ideal, in opposition to the poetic paideia of the sophists and focusing, above all, on the formation of youth on the basis of ethical questions structured from the Socratic dialogues. In formulating the directives of his ideal State, present in the Republic and the Laws, Plato conceived the mousiké as a central element in the formation of the citizens and the ethical-aesthetic-political education as one of the guiding axes of his paideia. Going beyond the geographical and temporal limits of the Greek polis and the utopian society elaborated by the Athenian philosopher, the paideutic elements of the ideal of Hellenic formation were reworked in other historical contexts - with emphasis on the German cultural formation (Bildung) - reaching the discussions on the role of the critical paideia in contemporary education. Considering the long duration of paideia as formative utopia, the present work will analyze the relation between mousiké and formation in Plato's political paideia, as well as the contributions of utopias and ethical-aesthetic-political education to a human formation in the contemporary world.
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Palavras-chave
Paideia, Platão, Mousiké, Utopias, Bildung, Plato